Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

Trees or shrubs; trichomes simple or glandular, or plants glabrous. Leaves alternate, simple or compound and with alate rachis, petiolate or almost sessile, subcoriaceous to fleshy, rarely with nectaries on petiole or midrib (); venation pinnate-reticulate; stipules present or not. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, sometimes borne on the branches, few-to many-flowered panicles or cymes, or flowers solitary in leaf axils; bracts and prophylls generally present; pedicels articulated or not. Flowers actinomorphic, perfect or polygamous; sepals 5(-7), quincuncially imbricate, distinct or united at base, generally persistent; petals 5 or () 0, imbricate, unguiculate or not, yellow, orange, cream or white, caducous; stamens obdiplostemonous, 10 or 5+5 staminodes, the staminodial whorl often reduced in number; filaments free, the antesepalous ones generally longer than the antepetalous ones, sometimes articulated, caducous or persistent, glabrous or basally pilose; anthers tetrasporangiate, basi fixed or dorsifixed, versatile, introrse (rarely latrorse), opening by longitudinal slits; ovary superior, apocarpous, carpels 1–5, inserting on the ± flat receptacle or on a gynophore (), glabrous or pilose; placentation basal, ovules 2 per carpel, collateral; stylodia gynobasic; stigmas capitate or peltate. Fruit a berry, drupe or nutlet, 1-seeded, mesocarp hard or fleshy (and sometimes fibrous), endocarp usually hard, bony; endosperm 0orrarely () sparse; embryo curved, conduplicate, transversally induplicate or globose, cotyledons fleshy (thin in ), oily or starchy.

Low erect bushy shrub, quite glabrous. Nodes unilacunar and one-trace. Leaves petiolate, estipulate, alternate, small, simple, crenate or serrate, with rounded to acute teeth, pinnately veined with conspicuous secondary veins terminating near the leaf margin. Inflorescences erect bracteate racemes. Flowers essentially 4-merous, small, regular, hermaphrodite; sepals 4, essentially free, imbricate, persistent; petals 4, free, spreading, spatulate, clawed, slightly imbricate(?), caducous; stamens 4 or 8, borne apparently in a single whorl, although one or more members of the whorl may be missing; filaments free, filiform; anthers elliptic-oblong, basifixed, latrorse; carpels 4(5), fusiform, prominently stipitate, erect, free for most of their length; stigmas subsessile, small, lobed; ovules bitegmic, crassinucellate, numerous, borne on branched submarginal placentae. Fruits multifollicles; follicles erect, stipitate, coriaceous, many-seeded; seeds very small, obovoid-subulate, testa membranous, slightly prolonged at each end, with narrow wings extended along their entire length and parallel ridges on the surface; embryo minute, at the base of fleshy copious endosperm.

Herbs, shrubs or rarely trees, erect or decumbent, frequently with serial axillary buds; hairs usually present, simple in most genera, sometimes stellate, forward directed-stellate in , often glandular. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, crenate or toothed, sometimes pinnatifid or revolute-ericoid, rarely very narrow, sessile or petiolate, pinnately veined, sometimes glandular-punctate, often with extra floral nectaries; stipules usually small or 0, well-developed in and some . Flowers mostly solitary, occasionally epiphyllous, sometimes in monochasial or dichasial inflorescences or in capitula or racemes. Flowers homostylous or heterostylous, regular, perfect, tetracyclic, generally upright, the pedicels provided with 2 prophylls; sepals 5, frequently connate, lobes quincuncial; petals 5, unguiculate, contorted, sometimes ligulate, free or the clawadnate to the calyx and then forming a 10-to pluriveined, cylindric, campanulate or funnel-shaped floral tube, the floral tube sometimes with fringed corona or 5 glands or lobes between corona and androecium; stamens 5, antesepalous, sometimes exserted, the filaments free or partially adnate to the calyx or floral tube; anthers tetrasporangiate, commonly dorsi fixed but nearly basi fixed in and series , dehiscing longitudinally; gynoecium 3-carpellate, ovary superior or slightly half-inferior, 1-locular; ovules anatropous, crassinucellate, 1-numerous on parietal placentae, rarely ()1 basal ovule; stylodia 3, distinct, filiform, connivent or divergent at the base; stigmas generally brush-like. Fruits 3-valved loculicidal capsules, sometimes dressed with the persistent torn perianth, dehiscence generally from apex. Seeds 1-many, obovoid, straight or curved; seed coat crustaceous and dark brown or blackish when ripe; aril plump, membranous when dry; endosperm fleshy; embryo straight.

Hermaphroditic or polygamo-monoecious to polygamo-dioecious woody climbers or vines, rarely small succulent trees; stems unarmed, with conspicuous lenticels, or the bark sometimes shredding (in most species of ), branches often swollen at the 3-7-lacunar nodes, pith continuous or interrupted by diaphragms at nodes; tendrils simple, bifid, or 2-3-, or 4-12-branched (in ), usually leaf-opposite, rarely tendrils 0; raphide sacs present in the parenchymatous tissues. Leaves simple, lobed or unlobed, digitately or pedately compound to 1-3-pinnately compound, alternate, distichous, variously toothed, commonly with multicellular, stalked, caducous spherical structures knownas “ pearl” glands; stipules 2 or rarely 0, often caducous. Inflorescences in panicles, corymbs, or rarely spikes, often leaf-opposed, pseudo-terminal, or axillary (in and ). Flowers small, pedicellate, with prophylls, actinomorphic, hypogynous, 4-5(-7)-merous; calyx of 4-5(-7)small teeth or lobes or a continuous ring; petals valvate, 4-5(-7), free or basally connate, or distally connate to form a calyptra (e.g., in Vitis ); stamens 4-5(-7), antepetalous, anthers tetrasporangiate or rarely bisporangiate, introrse, dehiscing longitudinally; floral disk intrastaminal, ring-shaped, cupular, or gland-shaped; ovary superior, 2-locular, with a simple style, the stigma discoid or capitate, rarely ()4-lobed, non-papillate; ovules 2 per locule, axile, appearing nearly basal, apotropous or anatropous, bitegmic and crassinucellar. Fruit a berry, 1-4-seeded; seeds endotestal with an abaxial chalazal knot and an adaxial raphe with 2 furrows one on each side; the embryo small and straight; endosperm oily and proteinaceous, copious, ruminate.

Tall trees to shrubs, Al-accumulating; hairs, when present, simple or stellate. Leaves opposite or verticillate, simple, entire; venation brochidodromous or eucamptodromous; stipules usually present, often modified into glands or associated with extra floral nectaries. Inflorescences thyrses (panicles of cincinni), cincinni, or racemes, terminal or axillary. Flowers with prophylls, bisexual, strongly zygomorphic, hypogynous or epigynous; calyx 5-merous, connate at base, often unequal, the largest one usually spurred; petals 1, 3, or 5, rarely 0, free, clawed, white, yellow, pink, or purple, caducous; stamen 1, anther dorsi fixed or basi fixed, commonly sagittate, longitudinally dehiscent; staminodes 0–4; ovary 1-or 3-locular; style simple; stigma terminal or lateral; ovules 1- many per locule; placentation axile or apical. Fruit a loculicidal capsule or samaroid, 4–5-winged by the unequally enlarged and persistent calyx-lobes. Seeds 1-several, exalbuminous, often winged and hairy; testa chartaceous;embryo straight.

Trees, shrubs, subshrubs or annual or perennial herbs, often with jointed branches and swollen at the nodes; axillary or stipular thorns sometimes present. Leaves stipulate, opposite or less often alternate, bi-or trifoliolate or pinnately multifoliolate, rarely simple; usually petiolate, rarely with glandular dots, sometimes unequal; leaf(let)lamina entire, often asymmetric, flattened, fleshy or terete. Flowers solitary, paired or in few-flowered cymes, axillary or terminal, bisexual, actinomorphic or rarely slightly zygomorphic; sepals 4–6, ± free, rarely connate at base, usually imbricate, valvate in ; petals free, often clawed, mostly as many as sepals, rarely 0; disc often present; stamens (5)8-12 as many as or twice the number of petals and then obdiplostemonous; filaments sometimes with basal scales or appendages; anthers introrse, dorsifixed, 4-sporangiate, with longitudinal dehiscence; ovary syncarpous, superior, sessile or shortly stipitate, angular, ribbed or winged, (2-)4-5(-12)-locular; style filiform or subulate; stigma capitate, clavate or slightly lobed or ridged; ovules 1 to many per locule, bitegmic, pendulous, usually with axile placentation. Fruit a loculicidal or septicidal capsule, or splitting into mericarps which may be winged, lobed or angled, spiny or tuberculate; rarely a 1-seeded drupe (). Seeds with or without endosperm; embryo straight or slightly curved.