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Prototypes of a typical automated station for monitoring the atmospheric composition and state, as well as lidars and sodars, have been designed and manufactured within the project, which are to be the components of monitoring stations. Experimental tests of the instruments confirmed their designed-in specifications and functions. For contact measurements of air parameters, a complex air monitoring station and an aerosol multiwave diffusion spectrometer have been also designed and manufactured in accordance with technical assignment requirements. The measurement results have shown a continuous increase in the concentrations of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, as well as a renewed increase in the methane concentration in the layer from 0 to 7 km.

Nowadays, the huge amount of the information concerning development and exploitation of hard-to-recover oil has been accumulated. The rational (sustainable) development of the Bazhenov formation is the main target for many years to come. The work is based on the research and has been performed within the framework of the Federal target program with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (the unique identifier RFMEFI60714X0080). The aim of the research is to choose the best possible method of oil extraction. During this research, geological aspects of the Bazhenov formation, methods of influence, and field tests results were studied; methods impact on the productive part of the oil deposits; and research based on the extraction of shale oil. As the result of this literature review and patent research, the list of the main methods of influence on Bazhenov formation was formed. Among them, there are hydraulic formation fracturing, thermal methods, gas, and water–gas injection methods. The authors of the research work proposed a new way of development of oil Bazhenov formation, based on the results of mathematical modeling and computational and experimental studies, has created a unique laboratory facility for the integrated modeling of petrophysical and hydrodynamic characteristics of the reservoir model Bazhenov Formation. The project of the technical specification for the installation for vibration stimulation of the formation in the depression mode has been developed.

A pilot single-stage setup with the reactor volume of 20 m was constructed for ammonium removal from the filtrate of thermophilically digested sludge. The setup was operated at temperatures of 20–37 ℃, dissolved oxygen concentrations of 0.1–0.7 mg/L, pH of 5.7–8.5, hydraulic retention time of 12–36 h, and filtrate output of up to 30 m/day. The efficiency of nitrogen removal was 75–90%, nitrogen load was 0.9–1.1 kg N/(m·day), and the specific volumetric nitrogen removal capacity of the reactor reached 0.8–1.0 kg N/(m·day). The sludge retained activity at low pH (5.7) and enhanced nitrite concentration (up to 250 mg/L). A correlation was established between conductivity reduction of the treated liquid and nitrogen removal efficiency, and the formula for calculation of ammonium concentration using the conductivity was proposed.

Geometrical configuration and operational parameters of a valveless pulse-detonation hydrojet have been determined based on extensive numerical simulations using 2D two-phase flow equations. The theoretical propulsive performance of such a hydrojet in terms of the specific impulse was shown to be on the level of modern liquid propellant rocket engines and amount 350–400 s. Based on the results of numerical simulation a valveless pulse-detonation hydrojet operating on liquid hydrocarbon fuel (regular gasoline) and gaseous oxygen has been designed and fabricated. For firing the hydrojet, a special test rig with flowing water was designed and assembled. Experiments showed that the measured values of the specific impulse varied within the range from 255 to 370 s which overlaps the theoretical range, thus demonstrating the predictive capabilities of the numerical approach.

There is an acute need in more wide use of huge world resources of natural gas as a petrochemical raw material. But solving of this global task is hardly possible without developing of more effective methods for conversion of natural gas into the most important gas–chemical intermediate—syngas. This paper describes recent results on a principally new type of reformers based on the non-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons into syngas in volumetric (3D) matrix burners. The use of enriched air and oxygen results in production of syngas with low content of nitrogen for petrochemical applications, including production of methanol, syncrude oil, and others. The effective recuperation of heat of produced syngas inside the matrix cavity permits to operate at optimal values of oxygen excess coefficient α = 0.32–0.36, thus making it possible to obtain in such simple non-catalytic process very high yield of nitrogen-free syngas with concentration of H more than 50% and that of CO more than 30%.