Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

The article presented the technology and setup for high-throughput synthesis of carbon nanostructures. It was shown that the plasma-chemical synthesis of fullerenes and endohedral metallofullerenes (EMF) in high-frequency arc discharge can be controlled by changing helium pressure in the chamber. The methods of extraction using Lewis acids and separation of individual EMF by HPLC were suggested as the most effective.

The specifics and general patterns of change in physical and physico-chemical properties of polymer-inorganic systems and effective methods of composite materials nanoengineering for light industry and construction industry have been revealed. A quantitative assessment is given of the impact of mechanoacoustic processing of calcium chloride hydrosol on the change in nanoparticles size at the dispersed phase, in parameters of nanoporous structure of cement stone formed. A method has been proposed for obtaining composite gasket materials based on formation of specific comblike structure of interphase layer of reinforcing block copolymer with the introduction of side branches in the pore spaces of the fibrous component. The method allows creating on the basis of a small set of textile carriers a wide range of gasket materials with technologically necessary level of elastic-deformation properties of the duplicated materials and a high degree of discreteness of their regulation. The substantiation of multilayer composite materials structure for the design of special garments, that allow creating new functional energy reflecting and sealing materials, is given.

Additive technologies as an alternative to traditional methods arouse great interest in many industrial sectors. In recent years, many theoretical and experimental articles devoted to additive technologies and their applications have been published. In spite of it, now the area of outstanding issues is still remaining. The paper presents results of theoretical and experimental researches devoted to the stability of products formation from different metallic alloys with complex geometry form, which were manufactured using high-speed direct laser deposition technology. The prospect of application of the method for the manufacturing of various materials details and products for various areas of engineering has been shown.

In this paper, the problems of production and characterization of microsized metal borides (including aluminum, titanium, magnesium) are discussed. The preferences of application for high-energy materials are presented. The problems of chemical stability and chemical compatibility are discussed. A technique for production of metal borides is also described which is known as self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and the subsequent mechanical treatment. The result is microsized borides which have an average size of around 5 microns with a sharp curve for distribution sizes. The purity is enough for use as fuel of high-energy materials hybrid solid-propellant rocket engines. The results of SEM, X-Ray, DSC, and TG analyses are also presented and discussed.

The effect of mechanical treatment by planetary ball milling on the properties of hot pressed ZrB–SiC ceramics was studied. It has been shown that material densification after mechanical treatment is finished on initial stages of sintering process. Addition of SiC leads to essentially increasing of sample density up to 99% of a theoretical one for powder with 20% SiC, as compared with ZrB not higher when 76%. It has been shown that all defects which were accumulated during mechanical treatment are annealed during hot pressure process and there are no any changes of coherently diffracting domain (CDD) values in sintered ceramics. The model was suggested to describe of three-layered porous composite synthesis at the conditions of hot isostatic pressing and investigate the porosity evolution during synthesis. Model takes into account the conjugate heat exchange between sintered materials and walls of the reactor.

Currently, one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of oncological patients is the selective activation of T-cell antitumor immunity using immune cells. The generation of functionally active DCs in vitro constitutes a promising approach in the development of DC-based anticancer vaccines to mobilize patient defense systems, because their activation by tumor-specific antigens to induce cytotoxic responses, and their increased efficiency of antigen presentation to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) via costimulatory molecules and cytokines can be controlled. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional characteristics of peripheral blood DC subsets in colorectal cancer (CRR), breast cancer (BC), and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and the development of an antitumor cytotoxic response by mononuclear cells (MNCs) from patients using in vitro generated antigen-primed DCs.

After joint legislative efforts of scientific community and Government resulted in the adoption of Federal Law #180 “On biomedical cellular products (BMCP)” onset of first pre-clinical trials of cell therapies in Russia got into scope. Testing of BMCPs to assess their safety and obtain primary efficacy results is a cornerstone of development and translation to clinical trials. Thus, a task force consisting of Lomonosov Moscow State University, leading research groups and experts from both—regulatory and industrial entities have been established under a project funded by Russian Ministry of Science and Education. As far as Federal Law #180 is enforced starting January 1, 2017, completion of the project in December 2016 is a timely step to ensure the development of cell therapies and regenerative medicine in Russia. The present article gives an overview of the project in 2014–2016 and summarizes main results of the collaborative effort.

Movement and posture disability are appropriate to cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of the current study was to examine the hypothesis that the functional muscle electrical stimulation (FES) and transcutaneous spinal cord electrical stimulation (TSCS) combined with locomotor treadmill training improve posture and motor function in children with severe CP. Thirty-one children with CP (spastic diplegia) (7–13 years old; mainly levels III of GMFCS) participated in the study. The experimental group received muscle FES and TSCS at T11 and L1 spinal levels, combined with locomotor treadmill training, whereas the participants of the control group received locomotor treadmill training only. After treatment, the GMFM-88 score increased in 81% children of the experimental group and in 33% children of the control group. In the experimental group, there were a significant decrease of the stabilogram area in the eye opened condition and the significant decrease of forward shift of center of pressure projection in the sagittal plane in both eye opened and eye closed conditions, whereas in the control group any significant changes of stabilogram parameters did not observed. Knee torque and range of knee motion significantly increased in the experimental group. After electrical stimulation, the decrease of muscle co-activation in proximal and distal muscles occurred, whereas in the control group muscle co-activation decreased in proximal muscles only. Thus, improvement of motor functions and balance control system in children with severe CP in response to the combination of TSCS, FES and locomotor training revealed. Combination of these techniques can be used for the effective neurorehabilitation.

Four variants of bifunctional HER2-specific recombinant proteins (anti-HER2-toxins) were created composed of HER2-specific scFv antibody (4D5scFv) or HER2-specific DARPin (D29) as targeting module and exotoxin A fragment (PE40) as toxic module, and distinguished by the way of bacterial expression (cytoplasmic or periplasmic). Physicochemical, immunochemical, and functional properties of the created recombinant proteins as well as their expression yields were analyzed and compared with the option of the most promising one, D29-PE40, for further implementation as an agent for targeted therapy of HER2-overexpressing tumors.

The pattern recognition technique was used for the development of classification rules for a screening diagnostics of lung cancer (LC) patients, based on the spectral analysis of metabolic profiles in the exhaled air, measured by the IR laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS). The study involved LC, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia patients, and healthy volunteers. The analysis of the measured spectra of exhaled air samples was based first on reduction of the dimension of the feature space using principal component analysis (PCA); thereafter the dichotomous classification was carried out using the support vector machine (SVM). The approaches to differential diagnostics based on the set of SVM classifiers usage are presented.