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Diamond Chemical Vapor Deposition: Nucleation and Early Growth Stages

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978-0-8155-1380-3 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ciencias biológicas - Ingeniería química - Ciencias de la salud  

This book presents an updated, systematic review of the latest developments in diamond CVD processes, with emphasis on the nucleation and early growth of diamond CVD. The objective is to familiarize the reader with the scientific and engineering aspects of diamond CVD, and to provide experiences researchers, scientists, and engineers in academia and industry with the latest developments in this growing field.

Diamond-Based Materials for Biomedical Applications

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978-0-85709-340-0 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ingeniería química - Ingeniería médica  

Carbon is light-weight, strong, conductive and able to mimic natural materials within the body, making it ideal for many uses within biomedicine. Consequently a great deal of research and funding is being put into this interesting material with a view to increasing the variety of medical applications for which it is suitable. Diamond-based materials for biomedical applications presents readers with the fundamental principles and novel applications of this versatile material.

Part one provides a clear introduction to diamond based materials for medical applications. Functionalization of diamond particles and surfaces is discussed, followed by biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalline diamond coatings, and blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon coatings. Part two then goes on to review biomedical applications of diamond based materials, beginning with nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic applications. Topics explored include ultrananocrystalline diamond for neural and ophthalmological applications, nanodiamonds for drug delivery systems, and diamond nucleation and seeding techniques for tissue regeneration. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of diamond materials for microfluidic devices.

With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Diamond-based materials for biomedical applications is an authoritative guide for all materials scientists, researchers, medical practitioners and academics investigating the properties and uses of diamond based materials in the biomedical environment.
  • Presents the fundamental principles and novel applications of this versatile material
  • Discusses the functionalization of diamond particles and surfaces, biotribology and biological behaviour of nanocrystalinediamond coatings and blood compatibility of diamond-like carbon coatings
  • Reviews nanostructured diamond coatings for orthopaedic coatings

Diet and Exercise in Cystic Fibrosis

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978-0-12-800051-9 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ingeniería química - Medicina clínica  

Diet and Exercise in Cystic Fibrosis, a unique reference edited by distinguished and internationally recognized nutritionist and immunologist Ronald Ross Watson, fills the gap in the current dietary modalities aimed at controlling cystic fibrosis.  Using expert evaluation on the latest studies of the role of food and exercise in lifelong management of cystic fibrosis, this valuable resource shows how to maintain intestinal, hepatic, and pulmonary high quality function for improving quality of life for those with cystic fibrosis. A helpful tool for researchers and clinicians alike, this reference helps refine research targets, and provides the beginning of a structured dietary management scheme for those with cystic fibrosis.
  • Provides a detailed resource that reviews the health problems occurring in Cystic Fibrosis relative to dietary, complementary, and alternative therapies
  • Contains expert evaluation on the role of foods and exercise for lifelong management of Cystic Fibrosis to maintain intestinal, hepatic, and pulmonary high quality function for improved quality of life
  • Defines and evaluates various nutritional and dietary approaches to the unique problems of those with Cystic Fibrosis

Diet-Microbe Interactions in the Gut: Effects on Human Health and Disease

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978-0-12-407825-3 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ingeniería química - Medicina clínica - Ciencias de la salud  

Drawing on expert opinions from the fields of nutrition, gut microbiology, mammalian physiology, and immunology, Diet-Microbe Interactions for Human Health investigates the evidence for a unified disease mechanism working through the gut and its resident microbiota, and linking many inflammation-related chronic diet associated diseases. State of the art post-genomic studies can highlight the important role played by our resident intestinal microbiota in determining human health and disease. Many chronic human diseases associated with modern lifestyles and diets — including those localized to the intestinal tract like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, and more pervasive systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease — are characterized by aberrant profiles of gut bacteria or their metabolites. Many of these diseases have an inflammatory basis, often presenting with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, hinting at persistent and inappropriate activation of inflammatory pathways. Through the presentation and analysis of recent nutrition studies, this book discusses the possible mechanisms underpinning the disease processes associated with these pathologies, with high fat diets appearing to predispose to disease, and biologically active plant components, mainly fiber and polyphenols, appearing to reduce the risk of chronic disease development.

  • One comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of nutrition and diet's effect on gastrointestinal health and disease
  • Experts in nutrition, diet, microbiology and immunology take readers from the bench research (cellular and biochemical mechanisms of vitamins and nutrients) to new preventive and therapeutic approaches
  • Clear presentations by leading researchers of the cellular mechanisms underlying diet, immune response, and gastrointestinal disease help practicing nutritionists and clinicians (gastroenterologists, endocrinologists) map out new areas for clinical research and structuring clinical recommendations

Dietary Fibre: Chemical and Biological Aspects

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978-1-85573-778-5 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ingeniería química  

Advances made in the last two decades have provided increasing insights into the chemical complexity of dietary fibre and this important book reviews the current state of knowledge on the role of fibre in the diet. It covers such areas as the chemistry of dietary fibre, health benefits to the consumer, effects on the small and large intestine, effect on lipid metabolism, implications to the industry and more…

Dietary fibre: Chemical and biological aspects will prove essential reading for food chemists and technologists, nutritionists, biological scientist, clinicians, the food pharmaceutical industries, and regulatory bodies.

Differential Forms: Theory and Practice

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978-0-12-394403-0 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Matemáticas - Ciencias de la computación e información - Ciencias físicas - Ingeniería química  

Differential forms are a powerful mathematical technique to help students, researchers, and engineers solve problems in geometry and analysis, and their applications. They both unify and simplify results in concrete settings, and allow them to be clearly and effectively generalized to more abstract settings. Differential Forms has gained high recognition in the mathematical and scientific community as a powerful computational tool in solving research problems and simplifying very abstract problems. Differential Forms, 2nd Edition, is a solid resource for students and professionals needing a general understanding of the mathematical theory and to be able to apply that theory into practice.

  • Provides a solid theoretical basis of how to develop and apply differential forms to real research problems
  • Includes computational methods to enable the reader to effectively use differential forms
  • Introduces theoretical concepts in an accessible manner

Diffraction and Imaging Techniques in Material Science

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978-0-444-85128-4 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ingeniería química - Ingeniería de los materiales  

Diffraction and Imaging Techniques in Material Science describes the various methods used to study the atomic structure of matter at an atomic scale based on the interaction between matter and radiation. It classifies the possible methods of observation by making a list of radiations on the basis of wavelength, including ions, X-ray photons, neutrons, and electrons. It also discusses transmission electron microscopy, the weak-beam method of electron microscopy, and some applications of transmission electron microscopy to phase transitions.
Organized into 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the kinematic theory of electron diffraction and the ways to treat diffraction by a deformed crystal. It discusses the dynamical theory of diffraction of fast electrons, the treatment of absorption in the dynamical theory of electron diffraction, the use of electron microscopy to study planar interfaces, and analysis of weak-beam images. The book also covers the use of computed electron micrographs in defect identification, crystallographic analysis of dislocation loops containing shear components, and detection and identification of small coherent particles. In addition, the reader is introduced to interpretation of diffuse scattering and short-range order, along with the crystallography of martensitic transformations. The remaining chapters focus on the working principle of the transmission electron microscope, experimental structure imaging of crystals, and the study of diffuse scattering effects originating from substitutional disorder and displacement disorder.
The information on diffraction and imaging techniques in material science contained in this book will be helpful to students, researchers, and scientists.

Diffraction from Materials

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978-0-12-632550-8 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ciencias físicas - Ingeniería química  

Diffraction from Materials provides the basic information concerning crystal symmetry, the kinematic scattering theory, as well as the physical properties of x-rays, electrons, and neurons. This book explores the crystalline nature of metals, semiconductors, and insulators.
Organized into eight chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the basic ideas associated with the arrangements of atoms in crystals to help readers understand why diffraction studies are useful in learning about crystals. This book considers the analytical and geometrical methods to represent the symmetry relationships for the atoms in crystals. Other chapters examine the production of radiation suitable for diffraction from materials. The final chapter examines the various techniques for x-ray topography, including the Schulz technique, the Guinier and Tennevin technique, and the Berg–Barret method.
This book is a valuable resource for electrical, civil, mechanical, and chemical engineers. This text will also be useful to materials scientists, chemists, biologists, and physicists.

Diffusion in Solids: Recent Developments

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978-0-12-522660-8 (en línea)

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Cobertura temática: Ciencias físicas - Ingeniería química  

Diffusion in Solids: Recent Developments provides an overview of diffusion in crystalline solids. This book discusses the various aspects of the theory of diffusion.
Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with a discussion on the process of diffusion in solids. This book then examines the tools that supplement the conventional diffusion measurements, including electromigration, ionic conductivity, isotope effects, and vacancy wind effects. This text explores the molecular dynamic calculation by which the interatomic forces must be assumed. Other chapters discuss the method of measurement of the isotope effect on diffusion, which is the most powerful method of determining relevant information about the correlation factor. This volume extensively discusses diffusion in organic and amorphous materials, as well as interstitial diffusion in solids. The final chapter deals with ionic motion and diffusion in various groups of materials called fast ionic conductors.
Solid-state physicists, materials scientists, physical chemists, and electrochemists will find this book extremely useful.