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<jats:p> Nudds and Dyke (Reports, 14 May 2010, p. 887) compared the rachis diameters of the primary feathers of <jats:italic>Archaeopteryx</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Confuciusornis</jats:italic> to those of modern birds and found that the primary feathers of these two basal birds were too weak to support sustained flight. Our measurements of <jats:italic>Confuciusornis</jats:italic> specimens suggest that their conclusions need to be further evaluated. </jats:p>

<jats:p> Nudds and Dyke (Reports, 14 May 2010, p. 887) reported that the primary features of the early birds <jats:italic>Archaeopteryx</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Confuciusornis</jats:italic> were too weak to power flight. This conclusion is not supported because the authors overestimated the mass of the subjects and understated the strength of the primary shafts in at least one example. The total biology of the birds indicates that they could achieve flapping flight. </jats:p>

<jats:p> Paul and Zheng <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . challenge our conclusions regarding the flight of <jats:italic>Confuciusornis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Archaeopteryx</jats:italic> , which derive from our method of assessing flight ability from estimated feather strength. They suggest that our mass and rachis data for these fossil birds are incorrect. Neither comment, however, invalidates our method nor alters conclusions of poor flight ability based upon our original data. We encourage researchers to use our method before critiquing our conclusions regarding early bird flight. </jats:p>

<jats:p>Combining findings on evolution, maturation, socialization, and culture, Konner offers a broad-based explanation of how biology underlies "normally developing social behavior."</jats:p>

<jats:p>Rious has assembled a diverse fauna from scraps of everyday human implements.</jats:p>

<jats:p> A <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/books/brl6002.dtl">listing of books received</jats:ext-link> at <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> during the week ended 08 October 2010. </jats:p>

<jats:p>The Convention on Biological Diversity's 2020 targets are an improvement over the 2010 target, but they could be strengthened.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Compounds that prevent the crystallization of an amino acid may represent a new class of therapeutic agent for kidney stones.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Genetic hitchhiking appears to shape variability in quantitative traits</jats:p>

<jats:p>As data transmission rates continue to increase, optoelectronic engineers are developing techniques to deal with the approaching “capacity crunch.”</jats:p>