Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

Compartir en
redes sociales


Science

Resumen/Descripción – provisto por la editorial

No disponible.

Palabras clave – provistas por la editorial

No disponibles.

Disponibilidad
Institución detectada Período Navegá Descargá Solicitá
No detectada desde mar. 1997 / hasta dic. 2023 Science Journals

Información

Tipo de recurso:

revistas

ISSN impreso

0036-8075

ISSN electrónico

1095-9203

Editor responsable

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

País de edición

Estados Unidos

Fecha de publicación

Cobertura temática

Tabla de contenidos

Editor’s note

H. Holden Thorp

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 837-837

AAAS Honors 2024 Award Recipients

<jats:p>Awards recognize contributions to science diplomacy, mentoring, public engagement, and more</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 839-840

Chemistry-albedo feedbacks offset up to a third of forestation’s CO 2 removal benefits

James WeberORCID; James A. KingORCID; Nathan Luke AbrahamORCID; Daniel P. GrosvenorORCID; Christopher J. SmithORCID; Youngsub Matthew ShinORCID; Peter LawrenceORCID; Stephanie RoeORCID; David J. BeerlingORCID; Maria Val MartinORCID

<jats:p> Forestation is widely proposed for carbon dioxide (CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> ) removal, but its impact on climate through changes to atmospheric composition and surface albedo remains relatively unexplored. We assessed these responses using two Earth system models by comparing a scenario with extensive global forest expansion in suitable regions to other plausible futures. We found that forestation increased aerosol scattering and the greenhouse gases methane and ozone following increased biogenic organic emissions. Additionally, forestation decreased surface albedo, which yielded a positive radiative forcing (i.e., warming). This offset up to a third of the negative forcing from the additional CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> removal under a 4°C warming scenario. However, when forestation was pursued alongside other strategies that achieve the 2°C Paris Agreement target, the offsetting positive forcing was smaller, highlighting the urgency for simultaneous emission reductions. </jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 860-864

Arctic sea ice retreat fuels boreal forest advance

Roman J. DialORCID; Colin T. MaherORCID; Rebecca E. HewittORCID; Amy M. WockenfussORCID; Russell E. WongORCID; Daniel J. CrawfordORCID; Madeline G. Zietlow; Patrick F. SullivanORCID

<jats:p>Climate-induced northward advance of boreal forest is expected to lessen albedo, alter carbon stocks, and replace tundra, but where and when this advance will occur remains largely unknown. Using data from 19 sites across 22 degrees of longitude along the tree line of northern Alaska, we show a stronger temporal correlation of tree ring growth with open water uncovered by retreating Arctic sea ice than with air temperature. Spatially, our results suggest that tree growth, recruitment, and range expansion are causally linked to open water through associated warmer temperatures, deeper snowpacks, and improved nutrient availability. We apply a meta-analysis to 82 circumarctic sites, finding that proportionally more tree lines have advanced where proximal to ongoing sea ice loss. Taken together, these findings underpin how and where changing sea ice conditions facilitate high-latitude forest advance.</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 877-884

Emission lines due to ionizing radiation from a compact object in the remnant of Supernova 1987A

C. FranssonORCID; M. J. BarlowORCID; P. J. KavanaghORCID; J. LarssonORCID; O. C. JonesORCID; B. SargentORCID; M. MeixnerORCID; P. Bouchet; T. TemimORCID; G. S. WrightORCID; J. A. D. L. BlommaertORCID; N. HabelORCID; A. S. HirschauerORCID; J. HjorthORCID; L. LenkićORCID; T. TikkanenORCID; R. WessonORCID; A. CoulaisORCID; O. D. FoxORCID; R. GastaudORCID; A. GlasseORCID; J. JaspersORCID; O. Krause; R. M. LauORCID; O. NayakORCID; A. RestORCID; L. Colina; E. F. van DishoeckORCID; M. GüdelORCID; Th. HenningORCID; P.-O. Lagage; G. ÖstlinORCID; T. P. Ray; B. VandenbusscheORCID

<jats:p>The nearby Supernova 1987A was accompanied by a burst of neutrino emission, which indicates that a compact object (a neutron star or black hole) was formed in the explosion. There has been no direct observation of this compact object. In this work, we observe the supernova remnant with JWST spectroscopy, finding narrow infrared emission lines of argon and sulfur. The line emission is spatially unresolved and blueshifted in velocity relative to the supernova rest frame. We interpret the lines as gas illuminated by a source of ionizing photons located close to the center of the expanding ejecta. Photoionization models show that the line ratios are consistent with ionization by a cooling neutron star or a pulsar wind nebula. The velocity shift could be evidence for a neutron star natal kick.</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 898-903

Programming memristor arrays with arbitrarily high precision for analog computing

Wenhao SongORCID; Mingyi RaoORCID; Yunning Li; Can LiORCID; Ye ZhuoORCID; Fuxi CaiORCID; Mingche Wu; Wenbo Yin; Zongze Li; Qiang WeiORCID; Sangsoo LeeORCID; Hengfang Zhu; Lei Gong; Mark BarnellORCID; Qing WuORCID; Peter A. BeerelORCID; Mike Shuo-Wei ChenORCID; Ning GeORCID; Miao Hu; Qiangfei XiaORCID; J. Joshua YangORCID

<jats:p>In-memory computing represents an effective method for modeling complex physical systems that are typically challenging for conventional computing architectures but has been hindered by issues such as reading noise and writing variability that restrict scalability, accuracy, and precision in high-performance computations. We propose and demonstrate a circuit architecture and programming protocol that converts the analog computing result to digital at the last step and enables low-precision analog devices to perform high-precision computing. We use a weighted sum of multiple devices to represent one number, in which subsequently programmed devices are used to compensate for preceding programming errors. With a memristor system-on-chip, we experimentally demonstrate high-precision solutions for multiple scientific computing tasks while maintaining a substantial power efficiency advantage over conventional digital approaches.</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. 903-910

Vitamin A resolves lineage plasticity to orchestrate stem cell lineage choices

Matthew T. TierneyORCID; Lisa PolakORCID; Yihao YangORCID; Merve Deniz AbdusselamogluORCID; Inwha BaekORCID; Katherine S. StewartORCID; Elaine FuchsORCID

<jats:p>Lineage plasticity—a state of dual fate expression—is required to release stem cells from their niche constraints and redirect them to tissue compartments where they are most needed. In this work, we found that without resolving lineage plasticity, skin stem cells cannot effectively generate each lineage in vitro nor regrow hair and repair wounded epidermis in vivo. A small-molecule screen unearthed retinoic acid as a critical regulator. Combining high-throughput approaches, cell culture, and in vivo mouse genetics, we dissected its roles in tissue regeneration. We found that retinoic acid is made locally in hair follicle stem cell niches, where its levels determine identity and usage. Our findings have therapeutic implications for hair growth as well as chronic wounds and cancers, where lineage plasticity is unresolved.</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. No disponible

Enhancing rice panicle branching and grain yield through tissue-specific brassinosteroid inhibition

Xiaoxing ZhangORCID; Wenjing MengORCID; Dapu LiuORCID; Dezhuo PanORCID; Yanzhao YangORCID; Zhuo ChenORCID; Xiaoding MaORCID; Wenchao YinORCID; Mei NiuORCID; Nana DongORCID; Jihong LiuORCID; Weifeng Shen; Yuqin Liu; Zefu LuORCID; Chengcai ChuORCID; Qian QianORCID; Mingfu ZhaoORCID; Hongning TongORCID

<jats:p> Crop yield potential is constrained by the inherent trade-offs among traits such as between grain size and number. Brassinosteroids (BRs) promote grain size, yet their role in regulating grain number is unclear. By deciphering the clustered-spikelet rice germplasm, we show that activation of the BR catabolic gene <jats:italic>BRASSINOSTEROID-DEFICIENT DWARF3</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>BRD3</jats:italic> ) markedly increases grain number. We establish a molecular pathway in which the BR signaling inhibitor GSK3/SHAGGY-LIKE KINASE2 phosphorylates and stabilizes OsMADS1 transcriptional factor, which targets <jats:italic>TERMINAL FLOWER1</jats:italic> -like gene <jats:italic>RICE CENTRORADIALIS2</jats:italic> . The tissue-specific activation of <jats:italic>BRD3</jats:italic> in the secondary branch meristems enhances panicle branching, minimizing negative effects on grain size, and improves grain yield. Our study showcases the power of tissue-specific hormonal manipulation in dismantling the trade-offs among various traits and thus unleashing crop yield potential in rice. </jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. No disponible

Erratum for the Research Article “Spatially resolved single-cell translatomics at molecular resolution” by H. Zeng et al.

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. No disponible

Structure, biophysics, and circuit function of a “giant” cortical presynaptic terminal

David VandaelORCID; Peter JonasORCID

<jats:p>The hippocampal mossy fiber synapse, formed between axons of dentate gyrus granule cells and dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons, is a key synapse in the trisynaptic circuitry of the hippocampus. Because of its comparatively large size, this synapse is accessible to direct presynaptic recording, allowing a rigorous investigation of the biophysical mechanisms of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Furthermore, because of its placement in the very center of the hippocampal memory circuit, this synapse seems to be critically involved in several higher network functions, such as learning, memory, pattern separation, and pattern completion. Recent work based on new technologies in both nanoanatomy and nanophysiology, including presynaptic patch-clamp recording, paired recording, super-resolution light microscopy, and freeze-fracture and “flash-and-freeze” electron microscopy, has provided new insights into the structure, biophysics, and network function of this intriguing synapse. This brings us one step closer to answering a fundamental question in neuroscience: how basic synaptic properties shape higher network computations.</jats:p>

Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.

Pp. No disponible