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Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers where there is good evidence for a larger genetic component to its etiology, but the genetic models are complex. It is highly likely that the PCa predisposition genes will be polygenic and may be interacting within families. Some PCa predisposition genes are likely to be DNA repair genes (e.g., ) but these may account for only a small proportion of young cases. However, the discovery of high-risk mutations has led to the first clinical targeted screening trial based on genotype in this disease (the IMPACT study, discussed above), and this trial will serve as a basis for further targeted screening and chemoprevention trials based on genotype as further genes are identified. The lessons learned in IMPACT will be screening uptake in a high-risk male population, the psychological issues of screening men at higher risk of PCa, the utility of PSA in a higher risk population, the identification of new and better biomarkers and the clinical parameters of PCa so identified.

Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers where there is good evidence for a larger genetic component to its etiology, but the genetic models are complex. It is highly likely that the PCa predisposition genes will be polygenic and may be interacting within families. Some PCa predisposition genes are likely to be DNA repair genes (e.g., ) but these may account for only a small proportion of young cases. However, the discovery of high-risk mutations has led to the first clinical targeted screening trial based on genotype in this disease (the IMPACT study, discussed above), and this trial will serve as a basis for further targeted screening and chemoprevention trials based on genotype as further genes are identified. The lessons learned in IMPACT will be screening uptake in a high-risk male population, the psychological issues of screening men at higher risk of PCa, the utility of PSA in a higher risk population, the identification of new and better biomarkers and the clinical parameters of PCa so identified.

Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers where there is good evidence for a larger genetic component to its etiology, but the genetic models are complex. It is highly likely that the PCa predisposition genes will be polygenic and may be interacting within families. Some PCa predisposition genes are likely to be DNA repair genes (e.g., ) but these may account for only a small proportion of young cases. However, the discovery of high-risk mutations has led to the first clinical targeted screening trial based on genotype in this disease (the IMPACT study, discussed above), and this trial will serve as a basis for further targeted screening and chemoprevention trials based on genotype as further genes are identified. The lessons learned in IMPACT will be screening uptake in a high-risk male population, the psychological issues of screening men at higher risk of PCa, the utility of PSA in a higher risk population, the identification of new and better biomarkers and the clinical parameters of PCa so identified.