Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Main conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Using Raman micro-spectroscopy on tef roots, we could monitor cell wall maturation in lines with varied genetic lodging tendency. We describe the developing cell wall composition in root endodermis and cylinder tissue.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Tef [<jats:italic>Eragrostis tef</jats:italic> (Zucc.) Trotter] is an important staple crop in Ethiopia and Eritrea, producing gluten-free and protein-rich grains. However, this crop is not adapted to modern farming practices due to high lodging susceptibility, which prevents the application of mechanical harvest. Lodging describes the displacement of roots (root lodging) or fracture of culms (stem lodging), forcing plants to bend or fall from their vertical position, causing significant yield losses. In this study, we aimed to understand the microstructural properties of crown roots, underlining tef tolerance/susceptibility to lodging. We analyzed plants at 5 and 10 weeks after emergence and compared trellised to lodged plants. Root cross sections from different tef genotypes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, and Raman micro-spectroscopy. Lodging susceptible genotypes exhibited early tissue maturation, including developed aerenchyma, intensive lignification, and lignin with high levels of crosslinks. A comparison between trellised and lodged plants suggested that lodging itself does not affect the histology of root tissue. Furthermore, cell wall composition along plant maturation was typical to each of the tested genotypes independently of trellising. Our results suggest that it is possible to select lines that exhibit slow maturation of crown roots. Such lines are predicted to show reduction in lodging and facilitate mechanical harvest.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Main conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>The biostimulant <jats:italic>Hanseniaspora opuntiae</jats:italic> regulates <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic> root development and resistance to <jats:italic>Botrytis cinerea</jats:italic>.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Beneficial microbes can increase plant nutrient accessibility and uptake, promote abiotic stress tolerance, and enhance disease resistance, while pathogenic microorganisms cause plant disease, affecting cellular homeostasis and leading to cell death in the most critical cases. Commonly, plants use specialized pattern recognition receptors to perceive beneficial or pathogen microorganisms. Although bacteria have been the most studied plant-associated beneficial microbes, the analysis of yeasts is receiving less attention. This study assessed the role of <jats:italic>Hanseniaspora opuntiae,</jats:italic> a fermentative yeast isolated from cacao musts, during <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic> growth, development, and defense response to fungal pathogens. We evaluated the <jats:italic>A. thaliana–H. opuntiae</jats:italic> interaction using direct and indirect in vitro systems. Arabidopsis growth was significantly increased seven days post-inoculation with <jats:italic>H. opuntiae</jats:italic> during indirect interaction. Moreover, we observed that <jats:italic>H. opuntiae</jats:italic> cells had a strong auxin-like effect in <jats:italic>A. thaliana</jats:italic> root development during in vitro interaction. We show that 3-methyl-1-butanol and ethanol are the main volatile compounds produced by <jats:italic>H. opuntiae.</jats:italic> Subsequently, it was determined that <jats:italic>A. thaliana</jats:italic> plants inoculated with <jats:italic>H. opuntiae</jats:italic> have a long-lasting and systemic effect against <jats:italic>Botrytis cinerea</jats:italic> infection, but independently of auxin, ethylene, salicylic acid, or jasmonic acid pathways. Our results demonstrate that <jats:italic>H. opuntiae</jats:italic> is an important biostimulant that acts by regulating plant development and pathogen resistance through different hormone-related responses.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title> <jats:bold><jats:italic>Main conclusion</jats:italic></jats:bold> </jats:title> <jats:p><jats:bold>Understanding surface defenses, a relatively unexplored area in rice can provide valuable insight into constitutive and induced defenses against herbivores.</jats:bold></jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Plants have evolved a multi-layered defense system against the wide range of pests that constantly attack them. Physical defenses comprised of trichomes, wax, silica, callose, and lignin, and are considered as the first line of defense against herbivory that can directly affect herbivores by restricting or deterring them. Most studies on physical defenses against insect herbivores have been focused on dicots compared to monocots, although monocots include one of the most important crops, rice, which half of the global population is dependent on as their staple food. In rice, Silica is an important element stimulating plant growth, although Silica has also been found to impart resistance against herbivores. However, other physical defenses in rice including wax, trichomes, callose, and lignin are less explored. A detailed exploration of the morphological structures and functional consequences of physical defense structures in rice can assist in incorporating these resistance traits in plant breeding and genetic improvement programs, and thereby potentially reduce the use of chemicals in the field. This mini review addresses these points with a closer look at current literature and prospects on rice physical defenses.</jats:p> </jats:sec>