Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Main conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Extracellular traps in the primary root of <jats:italic>Pinus densiflora</jats:italic> contribute to root-associated bacterial colonization. Trapped rhizobacteria induce the production of reactive oxygen species in root-associated, cap-derived cells.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) woody plants, such as members of Pinaceae and Fagaceae, can acquire resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses through the formation of mycorrhiza with ECM fungi. However, germinated tree seedlings do not have mycorrhizae and it takes several weeks for ectomycorrhizae to form on their root tips. Therefore, to confer protection during the early growth stage, bare primary roots require defense mechanisms other than mycorrhization. Here, we attempted to visualize root extracellular traps (RETs), an innate root defense mechanism, in the primary root of <jats:italic>Pinus densiflora</jats:italic> and investigate the interactions with root-associated bacteria isolated from ECM and fine non-mycorrhizal roots. Histological and histochemical imaging and colony-forming unit assays demonstrated that RETs in <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>densiflora</jats:italic>, mainly consisting of root-associated, cap-derived cells (AC-DCs) and large amounts of root mucilage, promote bacterial colonization in the rhizosphere, despite also having bactericidal activity via extracellular DNA. Four rhizobacterial strains retarded the mycelial growth of a pathogenic strain belonging to the <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum</jats:italic> species complex in dual culture assay. They also induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from host tree AC-DCs without being excluded from the rhizosphere of <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>densiflora</jats:italic>. Applying three <jats:italic>Paraburkholderia</jats:italic> strains, especially PM O-EM8 and PF T-NM22, showed significant differences in the ROS levels from the control group. These results reveal the indirect contributions of rhizobacteria to host root defense and suggest that root-associated bacteria could be a component of RETs as a first line of defense against root pathogens in the early growth stage of ECM woody plants.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Main conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p><jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> family genes were successfully identified and characterized in the chickpea and lentil and gene expression data revealed several genes associated with the modulation of plant branching and powerful targets for use in transgenesis and genome editing.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Strigolactones (SL) play essential roles in plant growth, rooting, development, and branching, and are associated with plant resilience to abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Likewise, karrikins (KAR) are “plant smoke-derived molecules” that act in a hormonal signaling pathway similar to SL playing an important role in seed germination and hairy root elongation. The <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> family genes are part of these two signaling pathways, in addition to some of these members acting in a still little known SL- and KAR-independent signaling pathway. To date, the identification and functional characterization of the <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> family genes has not been performed in the chickpea and lentil. In this study, nine <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> genes were systematically identified and characterized in the chickpea and lentil, and their expression profiles were explored under different unstressless or different stress conditions. After a comprehensive in silico characterization of the genes, promoters, proteins, and protein-protein interaction network, the expression profile for each gene was determined using a meta-analysis from the RNAseq datasets and complemented with real-time PCR analysis. The expression profiles of the <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> family genes were very dynamic in different chickpea and lentil organs, with some genes assuming a tissue-specific expression pattern. In addition, these genes were significantly modulated by different stress conditions, indicating that <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> genes, although working in three distinct signaling pathways, can act to modulate plant resilience. Most <jats:italic>CaSMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> and partner genes such as <jats:italic>CaTiE1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CaLAP1</jats:italic>, have a positive correlation with the plant branching level, while most <jats:italic>LcSMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> genes were less correlated with the plant branching level. The <jats:italic>SMXL6</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SMXL7</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SMXL8</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TiE1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LAP1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BES1</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>BRC1</jats:italic> genes were highlighted as powerful targets for use in transgenesis and genome editing aiming to develop chickpea and lentil cultivars with improved architecture. Therefore, this study presented a detailed characterization of the <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> genes in the chickpea and lentil, and provided new insights for further studies focused on each <jats:italic>SMAX/SMXL</jats:italic> gene.</jats:p> </jats:sec>