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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The GATA transcription factors (TFs) have been extensively studied for its regulatory role in various biological processes in many plant species. The functional and molecular mechanism of GATA TFs in regulating tolerance to abiotic stress has not yet been studied in the common bean. This study analyzed the functional identity of the <jats:italic>GATA</jats:italic> gene family in the <jats:italic>P. vulgaris</jats:italic> genome under different abiotic and phytohormonal stress. The <jats:italic>GATA</jats:italic> gene family was systematically investigated in the <jats:italic>P. vulgaris</jats:italic> genome, and 31 PvGATA TFs were identified. The study found that 18 out of 31 <jats:italic>PvGATA</jats:italic> genes had undergone duplication events, emphasizing the role of gene duplication in GATA gene expansion. All the <jats:italic>PvGATA</jats:italic> genes were classified into four significant subfamilies, with 8, 3, 6, and 13 members in each subfamily (subfamilies I, II, III, and IV), respectively. All PvGATA protein sequences contained a single GATA domain, but subfamily II members had additional domains such as CCT and tify. A total of 799 promoter <jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>-regulatory elements (CREs) were predicted in the <jats:italic>PvGATAs</jats:italic>. Additionally, we used qRT-PCR to investigate the expression profiles of five <jats:italic>PvGATA</jats:italic> genes in the common bean roots under abiotic conditions. The results suggest that <jats:italic>PvGATA01/10/25/28</jats:italic> may play crucial roles in regulating plant resistance against salt and drought stress and may be involved in phytohormone-mediated stress signaling pathways. <jats:italic>PvGATA28</jats:italic> was selected for overexpression and cloned into <jats:italic>N. benthamiana</jats:italic> using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic lines were subjected to abiotic stress, and results showed a significant tolerance of transgenic lines to stress conditions compared to wild-type counterparts. The seed germination assay suggested an extended dormancy of transgenic lines compared to wild-type lines. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the <jats:italic>PvGATA</jats:italic> gene family, which can serve as a foundation for future research on the function of GATA TFs in abiotic stress tolerance in common bean plants.</jats:p>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Petunias are renowned ornamental species widely cultivated as pot plants for their aesthetic appeal both indoors and outdoors. The preference for pot plants depends on their compact growth habit and abundant flowering. While genome editing has gained significant popularity in many crop plants in addressing growth and development and abiotic and biotic stress factors, relatively less emphasis has been placed on its application in ornamental plant species. Genome editing in ornamental plants opens up possibilities for enhancing their aesthetic qualities, offering innovative opportunities for manipulating plant architecture and visual appeal through precise genetic modifications. In this study, we aimed to optimize the procedure for an efficient genome editing system in petunia plants using the highly efficient multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9 system. Specifically, we targeted a total of six genes in <jats:italic>Petunia</jats:italic> which are associated with plant architecture traits, two paralogous of <jats:italic>FLOWERING LOCUS T (PhFT)</jats:italic> and four <jats:italic>TERMINAL FLOWER-LIKE1 (PhTFL1)</jats:italic> paralogous genes separately in two constructs. We successfully induced homogeneous and heterogeneous indels in the targeted genes through precise genome editing, resulting in significant phenotypic alterations in petunia. Notably, the plants harboring edited <jats:italic>PhTFL1 and PhFT</jats:italic> exhibited a conspicuously early flowering time in comparison to the wild-type counterparts. Furthermore, mutants with alterations in the <jats:italic>PhTFL1</jats:italic> demonstrated shorter internodes than wild-type, likely by downregulating the gibberellic acid pathway genes <jats:italic>PhGAI</jats:italic>, creating a more compact and aesthetically appealing phenotype. This study represents the first successful endeavor to produce compact petunia plants with increased flower abundance through genome editing. Our approach holds immense promise to improve economically important potting plants like petunia and serve as a potential foundation for further improvements in similar ornamental plant species.</jats:p>