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Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design

Deposition of the amyloid β-protein is a defining pathological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease, and this small protein is proteolytically produced from the amyloid β-protein precursor. ,-Secretase is responsible for the second cut, which forms the C-terminus of amyloid-β and determines how much of the transmembrane domain is included in this aggregation-prone protein. This intramembrane aspartyl protease is a complex of four different integral membrane proteins: presenilin, nicastrin, Aph-1 and Pen-2. During assembly and maturation of the protease complex, presenilin is endoproteolyzed into two subunits, each of which contributes one aspartate to the active site. A model of successive proteolysis may explain how Alzheimer-causing mutations in presenilin can both decrease enzyme activity and increase the proportion of longer, more aggregation-prone forms of amyloid-β. Substrate apparently interacts with an initial docking site before passing in whole or in part between the two presenilin subunits to the internal water-containing active site. The ectodomain of nicastrin also interacts with the N-terminus of the substrate as an essential step in substrate recognition and processing. Inhibitors and allosteric modulators of γ-secretase activity are under investigation as potential Alzheimer therapeutics. Elucidation of detailed structural features of γ-secretase is the next logical step toward understanding how this enzyme carries out intramembrane proteolysis and will set the stage for structure-based drug design