Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

The nuclear legacy arising from the cold war includes a large number of obsolete nuclear weapons, nuclear powered vessels, and related bases and support facilities. Significant examples are located in North West Russia, on the Kola Peninsula and around the White Sea. At a number of these sites, there are installations in severe need of maintenance and/or rehabilitation as well as vessels and facilities which require decommissioning.

Functioning of the system for State Ecological Control (SEC) over the work of practically all the units performing economical activity, including radiation-hazardous facilities and enterprises, presents one of the basic directions of activity on radio-ecological safety assurance on the territory of the Russian Federation. Basic purposes and objectives of State ecological control over radiation-hazardous enterprises are stipulated by the Russian Federation legislation and regulatory legal statements in the sphere of environmental protection.

EIA is a widely recognised as a useful tool for planning an activity, as well as a systematic review of possible impacts of that activity and how to avoid the significant adverse impacts.

Norway has been involved in nuclear safety projects in north-western Russia since 1995 through the Norwegian Plan of Action. All the projects are carried out within the Russian Federation regulatory framework, while taking due account of international guidance and recommendations as well as good practice in other countries.

Federal Medical-Biological Agency is an executive authority which carries out functions of control and supervision in the field of sanitary-andepidemiologic well-being of workers of separate industries with especially dangerous working conditions and the population of separate territories, including the closed administrative-territorial formations, municipal formations in which nuclear power plants are located.

In 2000 according to the Russian Federation Government’s Decree a number of radiation-hazardous facilities located in the Northern Region and the Far East were placed from the Defense Ministry under the authority of Minatom of Russia /the Ministry of Atomic Energy/. Two enterprises with location in the mentioned regions were established to manage the above facilities.

Five reports, both of generic nature and containing practical results of environmental remediation performed at the Kola Peninsula, were presented at the introductory session of the Workshop.

The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) was initiated by the ministers within the Arctic Council to monitor radioactivity and other pollutants and assess their possible consequences in the Arctic. AMAP has so far produced two assessment reports, published in 1997 and 2002, respectively. In the future, there is not seen a need for such frequent updates of the assessments and there are ongoing discussion for the future use of the unique knowledge base that has been build up during the AMAP work.

Andreeva Bay was the main coastal technical base (CTB) of the Russian Navy’s Northern Fleet for refuelling its nuclear submarines and the interim storage of their spent fuel and associated solid and liquid radioactive wastes (SRW and LRW). It is located in the north-west of the Kola Peninsula on the western shore of Zapadnaya Litsa Bay approximately 100 km north-west of Murmansk. On the site there are 21220 spent fuel assemblies (SFA) in 3030 canisters stored in three “temporary, dry” storage tanks. Some 10% of the fuel is believed to be significantly damaged. There are also 60 SFA stored in obsolete, Type 6 casks. The original, damaged spent fuel pool storage facility, Building 5, contains active sludges, is contaminated and has high radiation levels within and outside.

The Northern Fleets hydrographical department has with support from Norway worked on the utilization of spent strontium-containing RTGs used as power sources at lighthouses situated at the Kola Peninsula.