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Nature
Resumen/Descripción – provisto por la editorial en inglés
Nature is a weekly international journal publishing the finest peer-reviewed research in all fields of science and technology on the basis of its originality, importance, interdisciplinary interest, timeliness, accessibility, elegance and surprising conclusions. Nature also provides rapid, authoritative, insightful and arresting news and interpretation of topical and coming trends affecting science, scientists and the wider public.Palabras clave – provistas por la editorial
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| Institución detectada | Período | Navegá | Descargá | Solicitá |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No detectada | desde jul. 2012 / hasta dic. 2023 | Nature.com | ||
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Información
Tipo de recurso:
revistas
ISSN impreso
0028-0836
ISSN electrónico
1476-4687
Editor responsable
Springer Nature
País de edición
Reino Unido
Fecha de publicación
1869-
Tabla de contenidos
Attenuated replication and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron
Huiping Shuai
; Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan; Bingjie Hu; Yue Chai; Terrence Tsz-Tai Yuen; Feifei Yin; Xiner Huang; Chaemin Yoon; Jing-Chu Hu; Huan Liu; Jialu Shi; Yuanchen Liu; Tianrenzheng Zhu; Jinjin Zhang; Yuxin Hou; Yixin Wang; Lu Lu; Jian-Piao Cai; Anna Jinxia Zhang; Jie Zhou; Shuofeng Yuan; Melinda A. Brindley; Bao-Zhong Zhang; Jian-Dong Huang; Kelvin Kai-Wang To; Kwok-Yung Yuen; Hin Chu
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 693-699
Attenuated fusogenicity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
Rigel Suzuki; Daichi Yamasoba; Izumi Kimura; Lei Wang; Mai Kishimoto; Jumpei Ito; Yuhei Morioka; Naganori Nao; Hesham Nasser; Keiya Uriu; Yusuke Kosugi; Masumi Tsuda; Yasuko Orba; Michihito Sasaki; Ryo Shimizu; Ryoko Kawabata; Kumiko Yoshimatsu; Hiroyuki Asakura; Mami Nagashima; Kenji Sadamasu; Kazuhisa Yoshimura; Mai Suganami; Akiko Oide; Mika Chiba; Hayato Ito; Tomokazu Tamura; Kana Tsushima; Haruko Kubo; Zannatul Ferdous; Hiromi Mouri; Miki Iida; Keiko Kasahara; Koshiro Tabata; Mariko Ishizuka; Asako Shigeno; Kenzo Tokunaga; Seiya Ozono; Isao Yoshida; So Nakagawa; Jiaqi Wu; Miyoko Takahashi; Atsushi Kaneda; Motoaki Seki; Ryoji Fujiki; Bahityar Rahmutulla Nawai; Yutaka Suzuki; Yukie Kashima; Kazumi Abe; Kiyomi Imamura; Kotaro Shirakawa; Akifumi Takaori-Kondo; Yasuhiro Kazuma; Ryosuke Nomura; Yoshihito Horisawa; Kayoko Nagata; Yugo Kawai; Yohei Yanagida; Yusuke Tashiro; Otowa Takahashi; Kazuko Kitazato; Haruyo Hasebe; Chihiro Motozono; Mako Toyoda; Toong Seng Tan; Isaac Ngare; Takamasa Ueno; Akatsuki Saito; Erika P. Butlertanaka; Yuri L. Tanaka; Nanami Morizako; Hirofumi Sawa; Terumasa Ikeda; Takashi Irie; Keita Matsuno; Shinya Tanaka; Takasuke Fukuhara; Kei Sato;
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The emergence of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global health concern<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>. In this study, our statistical modelling suggests that Omicron has spread more rapidly than the Delta variant in several countries including South Africa. Cell culture experiments showed Omicron to be less fusogenic than Delta and than an ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2. Although the spike (S) protein of Delta is efficiently cleaved into two subunits, which facilitates cell–cell fusion<jats:sup>2,3</jats:sup>, the Omicron S protein was less efficiently cleaved compared to the S proteins of Delta and ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, in a hamster model, Omicron showed decreased lung infectivity and was less pathogenic compared to Delta and ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Our multiscale investigations reveal the virological characteristics of Omicron, including rapid growth in the human population, lower fusogenicity and attenuated pathogenicity.</jats:p>
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 700-705
Altered TMPRSS2 usage by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron impacts infectivity and fusogenicity
Bo Meng; Adam Abdullahi; Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira; Niluka Goonawardane; Akatsuki Saito; Izumi Kimura; Daichi Yamasoba; Pehuén Pereyra Gerber; Saman Fatihi; Surabhi Rathore; Samantha K. Zepeda; Guido Papa; Steven A. Kemp; Terumasa Ikeda; Mako Toyoda; Toong Seng Tan; Jin Kuramochi; Shigeki Mitsunaga; Takamasa Ueno; Kotaro Shirakawa; Akifumi Takaori-Kondo; Teresa Brevini; Donna L. Mallery; Oscar J. Charles; Stephen Baker; Gordon Dougan; Christoph Hess; Nathalie Kingston; Paul J. Lehner; Paul A. Lyons; Nicholas J. Matheson; Willem H. Ouwehand; Caroline Saunders; Charlotte Summers; James E. D. Thaventhiran; Mark Toshner; Michael P. Weekes; Patrick Maxwell; Ashley Shaw; Ashlea Bucke; Jo Calder; Laura Canna; Jason Domingo; Anne Elmer; Stewart Fuller; Julie Harris; Sarah Hewitt; Jane Kennet; Sherly Jose; Jenny Kourampa; Anne Meadows; Criona O’Brien; Jane Price; Cherry Publico; Rebecca Rastall; Carla Ribeiro; Jane Rowlands; Valentina Ruffolo; Hugo Tordesillas; Ben Bullman; Benjamin J. Dunmore; Stefan Gräf; Josh Hodgson; Christopher Huang; Kelvin Hunter; Emma Jones; Ekaterina Legchenko; Cecilia Matara; Jennifer Martin; Federica Mescia; Ciara O’Donnell; Linda Pointon; Joy Shih; Rachel Sutcliffe; Tobias Tilly; Carmen Treacy; Zhen Tong; Jennifer Wood; Marta Wylot; Ariana Betancourt; Georgie Bower; Chiara Cossetti; Aloka De Sa; Madeline Epping; Stuart Fawke; Nick Gleadall; Richard Grenfell; Andrew Hinch; Sarah Jackson; Isobel Jarvis; Ben Krishna; Francesca Nice; Ommar Omarjee; Marianne Perera; Martin Potts; Nathan Richoz; Veronika Romashova; Luca Stefanucci; Mateusz Strezlecki; Lori Turner; Eckart M. D. D. De Bie; Katherine Bunclark; Masa Josipovic; Michael Mackay; Helen Butcher; Daniela Caputo; Matt Chandler; Patrick Chinnery; Debbie Clapham-Riley; Eleanor Dewhurst; Christian Fernandez; Anita Furlong; Barbara Graves; Jennifer Gray; Sabine Hein; Tasmin Ivers; Emma Le Gresley; Rachel Linger; Mary Kasanicki; Rebecca King; Nathalie Kingston; Sarah Meloy; Alexei Moulton; Francesca Muldoon; Nigel Ovington; Sofia Papadia; Christopher J. Penkett; Isabel Phelan; Venkatesh Ranganath; Roxana Paraschiv; Abigail Sage; Jennifer Sambrook; Ingrid Scholtes; Katherine Schon; Hannah Stark; Kathleen E. Stirrups; Paul Townsend; Neil Walker; Jennifer Webster; Erika P. Butlertanaka; Yuri L. Tanaka; Jumpei Ito; Keiya Uriu; Yusuke Kosugi; Mai Suganami; Akiko Oide; Miyabishara Yokoyama; Mika Chiba; Chihiro Motozono; Hesham Nasser; Ryo Shimizu; Kazuko Kitazato; Haruyo Hasebe; Takashi Irie; So Nakagawa; Jiaqi Wu; Miyoko Takahashi; Takasuke Fukuhara; Kenta Shimizu; Kana Tsushima; Haruko Kubo; Yasuhiro Kazuma; Ryosuke Nomura; Yoshihito Horisawa; Kayoko Nagata; Yugo Kawai; Yohei Yanagida; Yusuke Tashiro; Kenzo Tokunaga; Seiya Ozono; Ryoko Kawabata; Nanami Morizako; Kenji Sadamasu; Hiroyuki Asakura; Mami Nagashima; Kazuhisa Yoshimura; Paúl Cárdenas; Erika Muñoz; Veronica Barragan; Sully Márquez; Belén Prado-Vivar; Mónica Becerra-Wong; Mateo Caravajal; Gabriel Trueba; Patricio Rojas-Silva; Michelle Grunauer; Bernardo Gutierrez; Juan José Guadalupe; Juan Carlos Fernández-Cadena; Derly Andrade-Molina; Manuel Baldeon; Andrea Pinos; John E. Bowen; Anshu Joshi; Alexandra C. Walls; Laurelle Jackson; Darren Martin; Kenneth G. C. Smith; John Bradley; John A. G. Briggs; Jinwook Choi; Elo Madissoon; Kerstin B. Meyer; Petra Mlcochova; Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez; Rainer Doffinger; Sarah A. Teichmann; Andrew J. Fisher; Matteo S. Pizzuto; Anna de Marco; Davide Corti; Myra Hosmillo; Joo Hyeon Lee; Leo C. James; Lipi Thukral; David Veesler; Alex Sigal; Fotios Sampaziotis; Ian G. Goodfellow; Nicholas J. Matheson; Kei Sato; Ravindra K. Gupta; ; ;
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in 2021<jats:sup>1</jats:sup> and has multiple mutations in its spike protein<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. Here we show that the spike protein of Omicron has a higher affinity for ACE2 compared with Delta, and a marked change in its antigenicity increases Omicron’s evasion of therapeutic monoclonal and vaccine-elicited polyclonal neutralizing antibodies after two doses. mRNA vaccination as a third vaccine dose rescues and broadens neutralization. Importantly, the antiviral drugs remdesivir and molnupiravir retain efficacy against Omicron BA.1. Replication was similar for Omicron and Delta virus isolates in human nasal epithelial cultures. However, in lung cells and gut cells, Omicron demonstrated lower replication. Omicron spike protein was less efficiently cleaved compared with Delta. The differences in replication were mapped to the entry efficiency of the virus on the basis of spike-pseudotyped virus assays. The defect in entry of Omicron pseudotyped virus to specific cell types effectively correlated with higher cellular RNA expression of <jats:italic>TMPRSS2</jats:italic>, and deletion of <jats:italic>TMPRSS2</jats:italic> affected Delta entry to a greater extent than Omicron. Furthermore, drug inhibitors targeting specific entry pathways<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> demonstrated that the Omicron spike inefficiently uses the cellular protease TMPRSS2, which promotes cell entry through plasma membrane fusion, with greater dependency on cell entry through the endocytic pathway. Consistent with suboptimal S1/S2 cleavage and inability to use TMPRSS2, syncytium formation by the Omicron spike was substantially impaired compared with the Delta spike. The less efficient spike cleavage of Omicron at S1/S2 is associated with a shift in cellular tropism away from TMPRSS2-expressing cells, with implications for altered pathogenesis.</jats:p>
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 706-714
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant replication in human bronchus and lung ex vivo
Kenrie P. Y. Hui; John C. W. Ho; Man-chun Cheung; Ka-chun Ng; Rachel H. H. Ching; Ka-ling Lai; Tonia Tong Kam; Haogao Gu; Ko-Yung Sit; Michael K. Y. Hsin; Timmy W. K. Au; Leo L. M. Poon; Malik Peiris; John M. Nicholls; Michael C. W. Chan
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 715-720
Tryptophan depletion results in tryptophan-to-phenylalanine substitutants
Abhijeet Pataskar; Julien Champagne; Remco Nagel; Juliana Kenski; Maarja Laos; Justine Michaux; Hui Song Pak; Onno B. Bleijerveld; Kelly Mordente; Jasmine Montenegro Navarro; Naomi Blommaert; Morten M. Nielsen; Domenica Lovecchio; Everett Stone; George Georgiou; Mark C. de Gooijer; Olaf van Tellingen; Maarten Altelaar; Robbie P. Joosten; Anastassis Perrakis; Johanna Olweus; Michal Bassani-Sternberg; Daniel S. Peeper; Reuven Agami
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Activated T cells secrete interferon-γ, which triggers intracellular tryptophan shortage by upregulating the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme<jats:sup>1–4</jats:sup>. Here we show that despite tryptophan depletion, in-frame protein synthesis continues across tryptophan codons. We identified tryptophan-to-phenylalanine codon reassignment (W>F) as the major event facilitating this process, and pinpointed tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS1) as its source. We call these W>F peptides ‘substitutants’ to distinguish them from genetically encoded mutants. Using large-scale proteomics analyses, we demonstrate W>F substitutants to be highly abundant in multiple cancer types. W>F substitutants were enriched in tumours relative to matching adjacent normal tissues, and were associated with increased IDO1 expression, oncogenic signalling and the tumour-immune microenvironment. Functionally, W>F substitutants can impair protein activity, but also expand the landscape of antigens presented at the cell surface to activate T cell responses. Thus, substitutants are generated by an alternative decoding mechanism with potential effects on gene function and tumour immunoreactivity.</jats:p>
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 721-727
A genome-scale screen for synthetic drivers of T cell proliferation
Mateusz Legut; Zoran Gajic; Maria Guarino; Zharko Daniloski; Jahan A. Rahman; Xinhe Xue; Congyi Lu; Lu Lu; Eleni P. Mimitou; Stephanie Hao; Teresa Davoli; Catherine Diefenbach; Peter Smibert; Neville E. Sanjana
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 728-735
Regulation of liver subcellular architecture controls metabolic homeostasis
Güneş Parlakgül; Ana Paula Arruda; Song Pang; Erika Cagampan; Nina Min; Ekin Güney; Grace Yankun Lee; Karen Inouye; Harald F. Hess; C. Shan Xu; Gökhan S. Hotamışlıgil
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 736-742
Activation mechanism of the class D fungal GPCR dimer Ste2
Vaithish Velazhahan; Ning Ma; Nagarajan Vaidehi; Christopher G. Tate
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The fungal class D1 G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Ste2 has a different arrangement of transmembrane helices compared with mammalian GPCRs and a distinct mode of coupling to the heterotrimeric G protein Gpa1–Ste2–Ste18<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>. In addition, Ste2 lacks conserved sequence motifs such as DRY, PIF and NPXXY, which are associated with the activation of class A GPCRs<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. This suggested that the activation mechanism of Ste2 may also differ. Here we determined structures of <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</jats:italic> Ste2 in the absence of G protein in two different conformations bound to the native agonist α-factor, bound to an antagonist and without ligand. These structures revealed that Ste2 is indeed activated differently from other GPCRs. In the inactive state, the cytoplasmic end of transmembrane helix H7 is unstructured and packs between helices H1–H6, blocking the G protein coupling site. Agonist binding results in the outward movement of the extracellular ends of H6 and H7 by 6 Å. On the intracellular surface, the G protein coupling site is formed by a 20 Å outward movement of the unstructured region in H7 that unblocks the site, and a 12 Å inward movement of H6. This is a distinct mechanism in GPCRs, in which the movement of H6 and H7 upon agonist binding facilitates G protein coupling.</jats:p>
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 743-748
How PhD programmes embraced hybrid working during the pandemic
Natasha Gilbert
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 749-751
Molecular barcodes reveal tumour lineages
Jyoti Madhusoodanan
Palabras clave: Multidisciplinary.
Pp. 752-754