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Several dinosaur localities have been reported from Mexico. In 1926 Werner Janensch reported the first dinosaur bone remains as from La Soledad, western Coahuila. Since 1926, more dinosaur remains have been reported from the northern Mexican states of Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila and Tamaulipas. Several dinosaur footprint localities have also been reported from the northern portion of Mexico. From the central and southern Mexican states of Michoacán, Puebla and Chiapas dinosaur remains have also been reported. Recently, fragments of and were found in Tamaulipas. Re-evaluation of dinosaur remains from Puebla indicate that they belong to a tetrapod. In Baja California there are recent findings of teeth. In Chihuahua fragments of a member of Titanosauridae have been found. In Michoacán hadrosaur bones have been reported. The ichnological record has increased in recent years with the discovery of new localities in Coahuila and Puebla, where two localities include tracks of tetrapods, sauropods and ornitopods. Ichnites from one ornitopod family and from several tetrapod families have been reported from Michoacán. Since the discovery of dinosaur remains about 80 years ago, dinosaur discoveries in Mexico have been significant however the field is still in its infancy with much still to be learned.

Although the earliest report of a fossil mammal from Mexico dates from 1799, our knowledge of the group is still poor. The Mexican mammalian fossil record is biased towards the large-sized taxa and younger ages.

The mammalian record in Mexico ranges from the Jurassic to the Quaternary. Most of the Cenozoic epochs, except for the Paleocene, have mammal bearing deposits. There are exists gaps, such as late Eocene early Oligocene, early Miocene, and early-late Miocene, where no fossils have been found. The Mesozoic mammalian record is poorly represented by three localities in the northern part of Mexico. The early Tertiary is also represented by only a few localities widespread throughout Mexico. The late Tertiary (late Miocene-early Pliocene) is represented from well documented exposures in the central part of Mexico. Although the Quaternary record is very abundant and is present in all the states of Mexico, there are problems with detailed dating of these localities and little is known about small size mammals.

Due to its geological history and geographic position, Mexico bears a great diversity of environmental conditions, which is reflected in its high extant mammal biodiversity. Mexico played an important role in the evolution of several mammal groups during the Cenozoic. During the late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic, Mexico was the southernmost landmass of North America, where several mammal groups evolved, adapting to more tropical conditions. Later, during the Great American Faunal Interchange, Mexico was the path for the South American mammal immigrants to northern lands and it was the region where some immigrants remained. The role that Mexico played during the Ice Ages, whether if it was a refuge for northern forms or not has been questioned.

Additional work is needed in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of Mexican paleomammals.

The Tlayúa Quarry in Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mexico, is one of the most important localities in the New World because of its uniquely rich biota. For the last twenty years, its exceptionally well-preserved fossil content and its taphonomical and paleoecological implications have caught the attention of many geologists and paleontologists since this Lagerstätte represents an important new asset in Mexican Paleontology. In this paper, we review all the recent investigations related to a development of the paleoecological models to explain the extraordinary conservation of the rich and diverse fossil assemblage of Tlayúa.