Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

is a 3x3 multi-tier onscreen keyboard. It supports various entry modes, including 1 to 10-key and joystick modes, allowing text entry with a remarkable range of devices. This paper presents the menu structure of , the alternative entry modes, and several layouts for novice, moderate and expert users. The potential of , as a text entry solution both for disabled and able-bodied users, is discussed. Overall, the work presented here is considered as a contribution to Universal Access and towards .

Ubiquitous service delivery expects that content will be available where, when and how the user needs it. Consumers are becoming ever demanding and the consumers of ubiquitous services are no different in this regard. Their expectations escalate in terms of relevance, ease of access, recency, accuracy and latency of content supply. In addition they expect that the content be supplied proactively in anticipation of their needs together with delivery when they require it. This presupposes that content can be delivered relative to both the consumers location and their technological context. Within this paper we explore how traditional document access can be transformed and introduce a new metaphor for document content access.

We present a simple and intuitive method of user interaction, based on pointing gestures, which can be used with video avatars in a remote collaboration. By connecting the head and fingertip of a user in 3D space we can identify the direction in which they are pointing. Stereo infrared cameras in front of the user, together with an overhead camera, are used to find the user’s head and fingertip in a CAVE-like system. The position of the head is taken to be the top of the user’s silhouette, while the location of the user’s fingertip is found directly in 3D space by searching the images from the stereo cameras for a match with its location in the overhead camera image in real time. The user can interact with the first object which collides with the pointing ray. In an experimental result, the result of the interaction is shown together with the video avatar which is visible to a remote collaborator.

Developing a robot system that can interact directly with a human instructor in a natural way requires not only highly-skilled sensorimotor coordination and action planning on the part of the robot, but also the ability to understand and communicate with a human being in many modalities. A typical application of such a system is interactive assembly for construction tasks. A human communicator sharing a common view of the work area with the robot system instructs the latter by speaking to it in the same way that he would communicate with a human partner.

This paper describes a new control system interface which utilises the user’s eye gaze to enable severely disabled individuals control electronic devices easily. The system is based upon a novel human computer interface, which facilitates simple control of electronic devices by predicting and responding to the user’s possible intentions, based intuitively upon their point of gaze. The interface responds by automatically pre-selecting and offering only those controls appropriate to the specific device that the user looks at, in a simple and accessible manner. It therefore affords the user conscious choice of the appropriate range of control actions required, which may be executed by simple means and without the need to navigate manually through potentially complex control menus to reach them. Two systems using the head-mounted and the remote eye tracker respectively are introduced, compared and evaluated in this paper.

One of the most confusing aspects that one meets as he introduces himself into gaze tracking is the variety, in terms of hardware equipment, of available systems providing solutions to the same matter, i.e. determining subject’s gaze. Calibration permits adjusting trackers based on different hardware and image features to the subject. The negative aspect of calibration is that it permits the system to work properly but at the expense of a lack of control over the intrinsic behavior of the tracker. The objective of this work is to overcome this obstacle to explore more deeply the elements of a tracker from a purely geometrical point of view. Alternative models based on image features are evaluated. As result of this study a model has been constructed based on minimal calibration using one camera and multiple lighting with acceptable accuracy level.

This study will be using a tablet computer as an example to study mobile products and make a comparison with keyboard and mouse by providing an input device consisting of a new form of touch pen in combination with chord input. The goal is to find the best combination of input device, minimizing harm caused by the input device and provide a reference for further input device designs. Therefore the NEW chord keyboard and touch pen conforms to the needs of a new mobile product and it becomes the best combination of this experiment which can be considered for future product design references.

Many studies have found the performance of using non-keyboard input devices (NKID) was affected by motion environment, but few of them have considered the interaction between motion direction and the approach angle on manipulating NKID. In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different approach angles (0o, 45o, 90o, 135o, 180o, 225o, 270o, 315o, 360o) and motion directions (roll and pitch) on the performance (movement time and error rate) of using trackball. The results showed that the main effect of approach angle on movement time was significant, whereas there was neither significant interaction nor the main effect of motion direction. The effects of approach angle and motion direction on the error rate were not significant. Some suggestions on the control console and interface design were proposed based on the results of the experiment.

The demand for systems to assist in the care of the elderly is continually increasing. We propose an ambient display that allows casual and implicit interaction with an elderly user. The display system recognizes the user and measures the distance between the user and the display using information from an RFID reader and an ultrasonic sensor. It uses this information to adjust the level of detail of the displayed information. If the user is far from the display, a black-and-white image is displayed that does not attract attention. But when the user’s approach is recognized, the display provides three-dimensional spatial navigation through the image space. When the user is very close to the display, they can interact directly using the touch screen. In the event of an emergency, LEDs attached around the display call the user’s attention by flashing the light.

In this paper, we propose a mobile user interface named personal companion which enables selection and interaction of u-services based on context of user. Personal companion selects u-services from a list of discovered services, supports camera-based selection with embedded marker and personalizes UI of the selected service in ubiquitous computing environment. In order to verify its usefulness, we implemented personal companion on PDA and UMPC platform and deployed into smart home testbed for selecting and interacting with u-services. The proposed personal companion is expected to play a vital role in ubiquitous computing environment by bridging users and u-services.