Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

In the context of current efforts around Semantic-Web languages, the combination of classical theories in classical first-order logic (and in particular of ontologies in various description logics) with rule languages rooted in logic programming is receiving considerable attention. Existing approaches such as SWRL, dl-programs, and  + , differ significantly in the way ontologies interact with (nonmonotonic) rules bases. In this paper, we identify fundamental representational issues which need to be addressed by such combinations and formulate a number of formal principles which help to characterize and classify existing and possible future approaches to the combination of rules and classical theories. We use the formal principles to explicate the underlying assumptions of current approaches. Finally, we propose a number of settings, based on our analysis of the representational issues and the fundamental principles underlying current approaches.

After a short introduction to the concepts of knowware, knowware engineering and knowledge middleware, this paper proposes to study the software/knowware co-engineering. Different from the traditional software engineering process, it is a mixed process involving both software engineering and knowware engineering issues. The technical subtleties of such a mixed process are discussed and guidelines of building models for it are proposed. It involves three parallel lines of developing system components of different types. The key issues of this process are how to guarantee the correctness and appropriateness of system composition and decomposition. The ladder principle, which is a modification of the waterfall model, and the tower principle, which is a modification of the fountain model, are proposed. We also studied the possibility of equipping the co-engineering process with a formal semantics. The core problem of establishing such a theory is to give a formal semantics to an open knowledge source. We have found a suitable tool for this purpose. That is the co-algebra. We also try to give a preliminary delineation of a co-algebraic semantics for a typical example of open knowledge source – the knowledge distributed on the World Wide Web.

The school of knowledge science at JAIST (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) is the first school established in the world to make knowledge a target of science. At this graduate school, knowledge management research is already producing results in areas such as knowledge conversion theory, knowledge systematizing methods, and methods for the development of creativity. It is expected recently that knowledge science should help researchers produce creative theoretical results in important natural sciences. For this purpose, we have to establish a (a Japanese term meaning: place, center, environment, space, etc.), or an environment or circumstance, that supports the development and practice of scientific knowledge creation. This paper considers the advantages and disadvantages deriving from the vagueness, depth, diversity and freedom of the definition of given by Ikujiro Nonaka, and stresses the need to redesign using systems concepts. Then, the paper proposes a systems methodology to design and evaluate for technology creation in academia, with a report on a preliminary survey.

This study explores knowledge management systems (KMS) continuance behavior in organizations. The study draws from the tenets of prior research on user acceptance and continuance of IS and the Social Capital Theory and suggest that both the technical and the situational social aspects of a KMS needs to be considered to understand KMS continuance. A conceptual model and a set of theoretical propositions are proposed as a foundation for further investigation.

In this paper we present a new vision of objects in knowledge representation where the objects’ attributes and operations depend on who is interacting with them. This vision is based on a new definition of the notion of role, which is inspired by the concept of affordance as developed in cognitive science. The current vision of objects considers attributes and operations as being objective and independent from the interaction. In contrast, in our model interaction with an object always passes through a role played by another object manipulating it. The advantage is that roles allow to define operations whose behavior changes depending on the role and the requirements it imposes, and to define session aware interaction, where the role maintains the state of the interaction with an object. Finally, we provide a description of the model in UML and we discuss how roles as affordances have been introduced in Java.

Bayesian Networks (BNs) have been extensively used for diagnosis applications. Knowledge acquisition (KA), i.e. building a BN from the knowledge of experts in the application domain, involves two phases: knowledge gathering and model construction, i.e. defining the model based on that knowledge. The number of parameters involved in a large network is normally intractable to be specified by human experts. This leads to a trade-off between the accuracy of a detailed model and the size and complexity of such a model. In this paper, a Knowledge Acquisition Tool (KAT) to automatically perform information gathering and model construction for diagnosis of the radio access part of cellular networks is presented. KAT automatically builds a diagnosis model based on the experts’ answers to a sequence of questions regarding his way of reasoning in diagnosis. This will be performed for two BN structures: Simple Bayes Model (SBM) and Independence of Causal Influence (ICI) models.

This study develops a framework of conceptual model to manage learning paths in e-learning systems. Since learning objects are rapidly accumulated in e-learning course repositories, managing the relevant relations among learning objects are costly and error-prone. Moreover, conventional learning path management based on databases or XML metadata does not offer a sufficient conceptual model to represent semantics. This study utilizes ontology-based techniques to strengthen learning path management in a knowledgeable manner. Through establishing a conceptual model of learning paths, semantic modeling provides richer data structuring capabilities for organizing learning objects. Empirical findings are presented, which show technologies to enhance completeness of semantic representation and reduce the complexity of the path management efforts. A walkthrough example is given to present ontology building, knowledge inference and the planning of learning paths.

There are more and more researchers concentrate on the spatio-temporal relationships during the video retrieval process. However, these researches are just limited to trajectory-based or content-based retrieval, and we seldom retrieve information referring to semantics. For satisfying the naive users’ requirement from the common point of view, in this paper, we propose a novel approach for motion recognition from the aspect of semantic meaning. This issue can be addressed through a hierarchical model that explains how the human language interacts with motions. And, in the experiment part, we evaluate our new approach using trajectory distance based on spatial relations to distinguish the conceptual similarity and get the satisfactory results.

Computational Tree Logic (CTL) model update is a new system modification method for software verification. In this paper, a case study is described to show how a prototype model updater is implemented based on the authors’ previous work of model update theoretical results [4]. The prototype is coded in Linux C and contains model checking, model update and parsing functions. The prototype is applied to the well known microwave oven example. This case study also illustrates some key features of our CTL model update approach such as the five primitive CTL model update operations and the associated minimal change semantics. This case study can be viewed as the first step towards the integration of model checking and model update for practical system modifications.

We propose a model that formalizes the beliefs of agents in strategic environments and restricts their possible behaviors, without the typical epistemic assumptions used in game theory. We formalize the beliefs of an agent using (OBS) and then propose the notion of to explain why some OBSs, in particular some that should occur in equilibrium, are more sensitive to perturbations than others. Also, we propose the concept of as a criteria to restrict the possible OBSs. This allows us to formalize the notion of strategic communication as , in which agents act in order to have other agents believe some low-complexity OBS. These concepts provide a new approach to understand why some equilibrium and non-equilibrium strategies are seen in practice, with applications to the centipede game.