Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Length of stay (LOS) estimates are important for patients, doctors and hospital administrators. However, making accurate estimates of LOS can be difficult for medical patients. This review was conducted with the aim of identifying and assessing previous studies on the application of machine learning to the prediction of total hospital inpatient LOS for medical patients. A review of machine learning in the prediction of total hospital LOS for medical inpatients was conducted using the databases PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Of the 673 publications returned by the initial search, 21 articles met inclusion criteria. Of these articles the most commonly represented medical specialty was cardiology. Studies were also identified that had specifically evaluated machine learning LOS prediction in patients with diabetes and tuberculosis. The performance of the machine learning models in the identified studies varied significantly depending on factors including differing input datasets and different LOS thresholds and outcome metrics. Common methodological shortcomings included a lack of reporting of patient demographics and lack of reporting of clinical details of included patients. The variable performance reported by the studies identified in this review supports the need for further research of the utility of machine learning in the prediction of total inpatient LOS in medical patients. Future studies should follow and report a more standardised methodology to better assess performance and to allow replication and validation. In particular, prospective validation studies and studies assessing the clinical impact of such machine learning models would be beneficial.</jats:p>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Since the recognition of <jats:italic>BRAF V600E</jats:italic> mutations in the majority of cases of hairy cell leukaemia, Erdheim–Chester disease and Langerhans cell histiocytosis, the targeted oral kinase inhibitors dabrafenib and vemurafenib have been adapted for their treatment. Like other targeted agents, these drugs produce high response rates and predictable but unique side effects. Physician familiarity is essential for the effective use of these agents. We review the Australian experience of BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy in these rare haematological cancers.</jats:p>