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Here is a comprehensive practical guide to entire wafer fabrication process from A to Z. Written by a practicing process engineer with years of experience, this book provides a thorough introduction to the complex field of IC manufacturing, including wafer area layout and design, yield optimization, just-in-time management systems, statistical quality control, fabrication equipment and its setup, and cleanroom techniques. In addition, it contains a wealth of information on common process problems: How to detect them, how to confirm them, and how to solve them. Whether you are a new enginner or technician just entering the field, a fabrication manager looking for ways to improve quality and production, or someone who would just like to know more about IC manufacturing, this is the book you're looking for.

Key Features
* Provides a readable, practical overview of the entire wafer fabrication process for new engineers and those just entering this complex field
* Enables engineers and managers to improve production, raise quality levels, and solve problems that commonly occur in the fabrication process
* Presents the latest techniques and gives special attention to Japanese IC manufacturing techniques, showing how they obtain outstanding quality

The civil engineering sector accounts for a significant percentage of global material and energy consumption and is a major contributor of waste material. The ability to recycle and reuse concrete and demolition waste is critical to reducing environmental impacts in meeting national, regional and global environmental targets. Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste summarises key recent research in achieving these goals.

Part one considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants and the economics of managing construction and demolition waste. Part two reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste. It begins with a comparison between conventional demolition and construction techniques before going on to discuss the preparation, refinement and quality control of concrete aggregates produced from waste. It concludes by assessing the mechanical properties, strength and durability of concrete made using recycled aggregates. Part three includes examples of the use of recycled aggregates in applications such as roads, pavements, high-performance concrete and alkali-activated or geopolymer cements. Finally, the book discusses environmental and safety issues such as the removal of gypsum, asbestos and alkali-silica reaction (ASR) concrete, as well as life-cycle analysis of concrete with recycled aggregates.

Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste is a standard reference for all those involved in the civil engineering sector, as well as academic researchers in the field.

• Summarises key recent research in recycling and reusing concrete and demolition waste to reduce environmental impacts and meet national, regional and global environmental targets
• Considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants
• Reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste

ISWA Publication Award 2014: Joint First Place, International Solid Waste Association

Winner of the International Solid Waste Association's 2014 Publication Award, Handbook of Recycling is an authoritative review of the current state-of-the-art of recycling, reuse and reclamation processes commonly implemented today and how they interact with one another. The book addresses several material flows, including iron, steel, aluminum and other metals, pulp and paper, plastics, glass, construction materials, industrial by-products, and more. It also details various recycling technologies as well as recovery and collection techniques. To completely round out the picture of recycling, the book considers policy and economic implications, including the impact of recycling on energy use, sustainable development, and the environment.

With contemporary recycling literature scattered across disparate, unconnected articles, this book is a crucial aid to students and researchers in a range of disciplines, from materials and environmental science to public policy studies.

• Portrays recent and emerging technologies in metal recycling, by-product utilization and management of post-consumer waste
• Uses life cycle analysis to show how to reclaim valuable resources from mineral and metallurgical wastes
• Uses examples from current professional and industrial practice, with policy and economic implications

This book catalogs the most popular and commonly used serial-port interfaces and provides details on the specifications and the latest standards, enabling you to select an interface for a new design or verify that an interface is working correctly. Each chapter is based on a different interface and is written in an easy to follow, standard format.

With this book you will learn:

• The most widely used serial interfaces
• How to select the best serial interface for a specific application or design
• The trade-offs between data rate and distance (length or range)
• The operation and benefits of serial data transmission
• The most common media used for serial data transmission

• Covers the most popular and commonly used interfaces and provides details on their specifications and standards
• Explains the key concepts to enable an engineer to select an interface for a new design or verify that an interface is working correctly
• Each chapter is based on a different interface and is written in an easy to follow, standard format

Handbook of Series for Scientists and Engineers is a handbook of mathematical series for scientists and engineers and includes tables analogous to tables of integrals. The method of expanding a function in a series is described, and the most common expansions and sums are given. Most of the series are valid for complex values of the variable, and the symbols z, ?, ? always denote a complex variable. A glossary of symbols is included.

Comprised of three parts, this book begins with an introduction to some basic rules for operations with series, focusing on convergence tests and operations with convergent series. Expansion methods and some summation methods are also considered. The second part focuses on the expansions of frequently used functions in various series, and includes chapters that discuss rational and irrational algebraic expressions; trigonometric functions and logarithmic functions; exponential functions and hyperbolic functions; and Legendre polynomials and functions. The third part lists sums of series, arranged according to the features of the general term in the series, such as series involving only natural numbers; series of algebraic functions; series of Bessel functions and related functions; and series of Legendre functions.

This monograph is intended for scientists and engineers as well as mathematicians.

The Handbook of Silicon Based MEMS Materials and Technologies, Second Edition, is a comprehensive guide to MEMS materials, technologies, and manufacturing that examines the state-of-the-art with a particular emphasis on silicon as the most important starting material used in MEMS.

The book explains the fundamentals, properties (mechanical, electrostatic, optical, etc.), materials selection, preparation, manufacturing, processing, system integration, measurement, and materials characterization techniques, sensors, and multi-scale modeling methods of MEMS structures, silicon crystals, and wafers, also covering micromachining technologies in MEMS and encapsulation of MEMS components.

Furthermore, it provides vital packaging technologies and process knowledge for silicon direct bonding, anodic bonding, glass frit bonding, and related techniques, shows how to protect devices from the environment, and provides tactics to decrease package size for a dramatic reduction in costs.

• Provides vital packaging technologies and process knowledge for silicon direct bonding, anodic bonding, glass frit bonding, and related techniques
• Shows how to protect devices from the environment and decrease package size for a dramatic reduction in packaging costs
• Discusses properties, preparation, and growth of silicon crystals and wafers
• Explains the many properties (mechanical, electrostatic, optical, etc.), manufacturing, processing, measuring (including focused beam techniques), and multiscale modeling methods of MEMS structures
• Geared towards practical applications rather than theory

Small modular reactors (SMRs) are an advanced, safe type of nuclear reactor technology that are suitable for small and medium sized applications including both power and heat generation. In particular, their use as individual units or in combination to scale-up capacity offer benefits in terms of siting, installation, operation, lifecycle and economics in comparison to the development of larger nuclear plant for centralised electricity power grids. Interest has increased in the research and development of SMRs for both developing countries as well as such additional cogeneration options as industrial/chemical process heat, desalination and district heating, and hydrogen production. This book reviews key issues in their development as well as international R&D in the field.

• Gives an overview of small modular reactor technology
• Reviews the design characteristics of integral pressurized water reactors and focuses on reactor core and fuel technologies, key reactor system components, instrumentation and control, human-system interfaces and safety
• Considers the economics, financing, licensing, construction methods and hybrid energy systems of small modular reactors
• Describes SMR development activities worldwide, and concludes with a discussion of how SMR deployment can contribute to the growth of developing countries

A smart coating is defined as one that changes its properties in response to an environmental stimulus. The Handbook of Smart Coatings for Materials Protection reviews the new generation of smart coatings for corrosion and other types of material protection.

Part one explores the fundamentals of smart coatings for materials protection including types, materials, design, and processing. Chapters review corrosion processes and strategies for prevention; smart coatings for corrosion protection; techniques for synthesizing and applying smart coatings; multi-functional, self-healing coatings; and current and future trends of protective coatings for automotive, aerospace, and military applications. Chapters in part two focus on smart coatings with self-healing properties for corrosion protection, including self-healing anticorrosion coatings for structural and petrochemical engineering applications; smart self-healing coatings for corrosion protection of aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and steel; smart nanocoatings for corrosion detection and control; and recent advances in polyaniline-based organic coatings for corrosion protection. Chapters in part three move on to highlight other types of smart coatings, including smart self-cleaning coatings for corrosion protection; smart polymer nanocomposite water- and oil-repellent coatings for aluminum; UV-curable organic polymer coatings for corrosion protection of steel; smart epoxy coatings for early detection of corrosion in steel and aluminum; and structural ceramics with self-healing properties.

The Handbook of Smart Coatings for Materials Protection is a valuable reference for those concerned with preventing corrosion, particularly of metals, professionals working within the surface coating industries, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the field.

• Reviews the new generation of smart coatings for corrosion and other types of material protection
• Explores the fundamentals of smart coatings for materials protection including types, materials, design, and processing
• Includes a focus on smart coatings with self-healing properties for corrosion protection

Each chapter in this volume is focused on a specific set of solvent properties which determine its choice, effect on properties of solutes and solutions, properties of different groups of solvents and the summary of their applications' effect. This includes effects on health and environment (given in tabulated form), swelling of solids in solvents, solvent diffusion and drying processes, nature of interaction of solvent and solute in solutions, acid-base interactions, effect of solvents on spectral and other electronic properties of solutions, effect of solvents on rheology of solution, aggregation of solutes, permeability, molecular structure, crystallinity, configuration, and conformation of dissolved high molecular weight compounds, methods of application of solvent mixtures to enhance the range of their applicability, and effect of solvents on chemical reactions and reactivity of dissolved substances.

• Provides key insight to help engineers and scientists select the best solvent for the job
• Practical information and ideas to improve existing processes involving solvents
• Brings together the latest advances in solvent technology and applications