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Evolutionary and Genetic Biology of Primates, Volume II presents research on the evolution and genetic biology of the Primates. This book is organized into six chapters that discuss the serum proteins and hemoglobins; virology; and functional and behavior studies of reproductive systems, manipulative abilities, and displays of the Primates.
The opening chapter presents the susceptibility of Primates to host range spans of viruses with both broad and narrow spectra, in relation to their taxonomic classification. The following chapter examines the Primates as a model group for the evaluation of the phylogenetic and evolutionary significance of immunochemical information. This book discusses the relationship of protein structure to evolution and of immunochemistry to protein structure, as well as the application of immunochemical methods in the antigenic correspondence among the Primates. This volume also covers the evolution of hemoglobin from one taxonomic level of the Primates to another. A chapter focuses on the reproductive physiology and behavior of the Lemuroidea, including their external genitalia, testis, sperm ducts, and associated glands. The concluding chapters discuss the role and phylogenetic relations of prehensive patterns and grips in the biology of Primates. A discussion on the origin and evolution of the different groups of components of primate displays is included.
This book is an invaluable source for physical anthropologists and researchers, histologists, anatomists, neurologists, geneticists, cytologists, and other specialists.

Bioinformatics has never been as popular as it is today. The genomics revolution is generating so much data in such rapid succession that it has become difficult for biologists to decipher. In particular, there are many problems in biology that are too large to solve with standard methods. Researchers in evolutionary computation (EC) have turned their attention to these problems. They understand the power of EC to rapidly search very large and complex spaces and return reasonable solutions. While these researchers are increasingly interested in problems from the biological sciences, EC and its problem-solving capabilities are generally not yet understood or applied in the biology community.

This book offers a definitive resource to bridge the computer science and biology communities. Gary Fogel and David Corne, well-known representatives of these fields, introduce biology and bioinformatics to computer scientists, and evolutionary computation to biologists and computer scientists unfamiliar with these techniques. The fourteen chapters that follow are written by leading computer scientists and biologists who examine successful applications of evolutionary computation to various problems in the biological sciences.

* Describes applications of EC to bioinformatics in a wide variety of areas including DNA sequencing, protein folding, gene and protein classification, drug targeting, drug design, data mining of biological databases, and biodata visualization.
* Offers industrial and academic researchers in computer science, biology, and bioinformatics an important resource for applying evolutionary computation.
* Includes a detailed appendix of biological data resources.

In our attempts to understand crime, researchers typically focus on proximate factors such as the psychology of offenders, their developmental history, and the social structure in which they are embedded.  While these factors are important, they don't tell the whole story.  Evolutionary Criminology: Towards a Comprehensive Explanation of Crime explores how evolutionary biology adds to our understanding of why crime is committed, by whom, and our response to norm violations.  This understanding is important both for a better understanding of what precipitates crime and to guide approaches for effectively managing criminal behavior.

This book is divided into three parts.  Part I reviews evolutionary biology concepts important for understanding human behavior, including crime.  Part II focuses on theoretical approaches to explaining crime, including the evolution of cooperation, and the evolutionary history and function of violent crime, drug use, property offending, and white collar crime.  The developmental origins of criminal behavior are described to account for the increase in offending during adolescence and early adulthood as well as to explain why some offenders are more likely to desist than others.  Proximal causes of crime are examined, as well as cultural and structural processes influencing crime.  Part III considers human motivation to punish norm violators and what this means for the development of a criminal justice system.  This section also considers how an evolutionary approach contributes to our understanding of crime prevention and reduction.  The section closes with an evolutionary approach to understanding offender rehabilitation and reintegration.

• Reviews how evolutionary findings improve our understanding of crime and punishment
• Examines motivations to offend, and to punish norm violators
• Articulates evolutionary explanations for adolescent crime increase
• Identifies how this knowledge can aid in crime prevention and reduction, and in offender rehabilitation

Evolutionary Processes and Theory contains the proceedings of a workshop held in Israel in March 1985. Contributors explore evolutionary processes and theory and highlight advances in knowledge concerning differentiation, metabolic and immunological mechanisms, and the molecular biology of the genome. Issues that are being debated are also considered, including the origin and evolution of sexual systems, the genetics of altruism, and general forms and levels of social evolution.
This volume is organized into six sections encompassing 33 chapters and begins with an overview of the evolutionary problems of molecular biology. Some chapters are devoted to topics such as the role of gene regulation in evolutionary processes; the structural diversity and evolution of intermediate filament proteins; and adaptation and evolution in the immune system. The next section examines the tempo and mode of molecular evolution, including that of hybrid dysgenesis systems, as well as the statistical aspects of the molecular clock. Later chapters focus on DNA and protein sequences; sexual selection and speciation; and the relation between speciation mechanisms and macroevolutionary patterns. The book also methodically explains population genetics, with particular reference to the altruistic behavior in sibling groups with unrelated intruders, the endosperm evolution in higher plants, and the evolutionary aspects of sexual reproduction in predominantly asexual populations.
This book will be of interest to geneticists and molecular biologists.

Exact Statistical Inference for Categorical Data discusses the way asymptotic approaches have been often used in practice to make statistical inference. This book introduces both conditional and unconditional exact approaches for the data in 2 by 2, or 2 by k contingency tables, and is an ideal reference for users who are interested in having the convenience of applying asymptotic approaches, with less computational time. In addition to the existing conditional exact inference, some efficient, unconditional exact approaches could be used in data analysis to improve the performance of the testing procedure.

• Demonstrates how exact inference can be used to analyze data in 2 by 2 tables
• Discusses the analysis of data in 2 by k tables using exact inference
• Explains how exact inference can be used in genetics

Information is currency. In today’s world of instant global communication and rapidly changing trends, up-to-date and reliable information is essential to effective competition. Recent studies show that data quality problems are costing businesses billions of dollars each year, with poor data linked to waste and inefficiency, damaged credibility among customers and suppliers, and an organizational inability to make sound decisions.

In Executing Data Quality Projects: Ten Steps to Quality Data and Trusted Information, Danette McGilvray presents a systematic, proven approach to improving and creating data and information quality within the enterprise. She describes a methodology that combines a conceptual framework for understanding information quality with the tools, techniques, and instructions for improving and creating information quality. Her trademarked "Ten Steps" approach applies to all types of data and to all types of organizations.

* Includes numerous templates, detailed examples, and practical advice for executing every step of The Ten Steps approach.
* Allows for quick reference with an easy-to-use format highlighting key concepts and definitions, important checkpoints, communication activities, and best practices.
* A companion Web site includes links to numerous data quality resources, including many of the planning and information-gathering templates featured in the text, quick summaries of key ideas from The Ten Step methodology, and other tools and information that is available online.

Exercise-Cognition Interaction: Neuroscience Perspectives is the only book on the market that examines the neuroscientific correlation between exercise and cognitive functioning. The upsurge in research in recent years has confirmed that cognitive-psychology theory cannot account for the effects of exercise on cognition, and both acute and chronic exercise effect neurochemical and psychophysiological changes in the brain that, in turn, affect cognitive functioning.

This book provides an overview of the research into these effects, from theoretical research through current studies that emphasize neuroscientific theories and rationales. It addition, users will find a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases, including  schizophrenia, diabetes, and an array of neurological disorders.

With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book will be the go-to resource for neuroscientists, psychologists, medical professionals, and other researchers who need an understanding of the role exercise plays in cognitive functioning.

• Provides a comprehensive account of how exercise affects brain functioning, which in turn affects cognition
• Covers both theory and empirical research
• Presents a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases
• Examines neurochemical, psychophysiological, and genetic factors
• Covers acute and chronic exercise

A new volume in the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series, Exercise, Sport, and Bioanalytical Chemistry: Principles and Practice focuses on the basic and applied aspects of energy metabolism in humans. Concise and scientific, yet intelligible to the nonscientist, the book consists of two parts. Part I, Introduction: Basics and Background, provides the biochemistry necessary to understand the rest of the book and describes analytical processes and results as an aid to grasping the science. Part II, Applications: Knowledge into Practice, explores measurement techniques for metabolism, energy expenditure of various activities, techniques that enhance expenditure, metabolic adaptation, foods and drugs that enhance expenditure, and the role of bioanalytical chemistry in future research in exercise and sport. Discussion of the benefits of exercise and practices for improving the capacity to perform exercise is illustrated by many useful and entertaining examples. This volume allows readers to come away with a grasp of the scientific concepts, how they are manifested in research techniques, and how the results of research can be applied in the real world of public health and personal development.

The Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series is published in partnership with RTI International and edited by Brian F. Thomas. Please be sure to check out our other featured volumes:

• Thomas, Brian F. and ElSohly, Mahmoud. The Analytical Chemistry of Cannabis: Quality Assessment, Assurance, and Regulation of Medicinal Marijuana and Cannabinoid Preparations, 9780128046463, December 2015.
• Tanna, Sangeeta and Lawson, Graham. Analytical Chemistry for Assessing Medication Adherence, 9780128054635, April 2016.
• Rao, Vikram, Knight, Rob, and Stoner, Brian. Sustainable Shale Oil and Gas: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Geochemistry Methods, 9780128103890, forthcoming September 2016.
• Farsalinos, Konstantinos, et al. Analytical Assessment of e-Cigarettes: From Contents to Chemical and Particle Exposure Profiles, 9780128112410, forthcoming November 2016.
• Lee, David Yue-Wei, et al. Methods and Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 9780128051610, forthcoming in 2016.

• Provides readers with the fundamental biochemistry and some elements of the physiology behind physical activity/exercise and describes the analytical techniques used to elucidate the science
• Written in clear, concise, compelling prose that is neither simplistic to scientists nor too sophisticated for a large, diverse global audience
• A one-page Close-Up in each chapter illustrates key topics to catch, engage, entertain, and create a novel synthesis of thought