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Quirky Sides of Scientists: True Tales of Ingenuity and Error From Physics and Astronomy

David R. Topper

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Institución detectada Año de publicación Navegá Descargá Solicitá
No detectada 2007 SpringerLink

Información

Tipo de recurso:

libros

ISBN impreso

978-0-387-71018-1

ISBN electrónico

978-0-387-71019-8

Editor responsable

Springer Nature

País de edición

Reino Unido

Fecha de publicación

Información sobre derechos de publicación

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007

Cobertura temática

Tabla de contenidos

Tenacity and Stubbornness: Einstein on Theory and Experiment

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 3-14

Convergence or Coincidence: Ancient Measurements of the Sun and Moon—How Far?

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 15-24

The Rationality of Simplicity: Copernicus on Planetary Motion

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 25-41

The Silence of Scientists: Venus’s Brightness, Earth’s Precession, and the Nebula in Orion

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 43-66

Progress Through Error: Stars and Quasars—How Big, How Far?

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 67-83

The Data Fit the Model but the Model is Wrong: Kepler and the Structure of the Cosmos

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 85-107

Art Illustrates Science: Galileo, a Blemished Moon, and a Parabola of Blood

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 109-121

Ensnared in Circles: Galileo and the Law of Projectile Motion

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 123-137

Aesthetics and Holism: Newton on Light, Color, and Music

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 139-153

Missing One’s Own Discovery Newton and the First Idea of an Artificial Satellite

David R. Topper

In single-channel techniques for hands-free acoustic human/machine interfaces, we deal with waveforms which are functions of the continuous time. The aim of multi-channel sound capture is to exploit the structure of propagating waves, i.e., spatial and temporal properties in order to better meet the requirements of speech enhancement. The received signals are thus deterministic functions of position and of time, and, therefore, are called or . They have properties which are governed by the law of physics, in particular the wave equation. Just as temporal filtering can be described by temporal impulse responses, the wave propagation in acoustic environments can be modeled using space-time filters which are described by spatio-temporal impulse responses. Often, the deterministic model of space-time signals cannot be applied to acoustic signals, since audio signals can hardly be described by functions where each time instance is assigned a unique numerical value. The deterministic model of room impulse responses is not appropriate if the spatial extension of the source cannot be neglected since such spatio-temporal impulse responses of acoustic environments can generally not be described analytically. In such situations, it is more convenient to use statistical random .elds which are the ex tension of stochastic processes to multi-dimensional parameter spaces.

Pp. 155-172