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Water Quality Management in the Americas

Asit K. Biswas ; Benedito Braga ; Cecilia Tortajada ; Diego J. Rodriguez (eds.)

Resumen/Descripción – provisto por la editorial

No disponible.

Palabras clave – provistas por la editorial

Hydrogeology; Water Quality/Water Pollution; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice; Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution; Economic Policy; Environmental Economics

Disponibilidad
Institución detectada Año de publicación Navegá Descargá Solicitá
No detectada 2006 SpringerLink

Información

Tipo de recurso:

libros

ISBN impreso

978-3-540-24290-1

ISBN electrónico

978-3-540-30444-9

Editor responsable

Springer Nature

País de edición

Reino Unido

Fecha de publicación

Información sobre derechos de publicación

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006

Tabla de contenidos

Water Quality Issues in Latin America

Luis E. García

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 1-15

Economic Instruments and Nonpoint Source Water Pollution

Clifford S. Russell; Christopher D. Clark

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 17-45

Role of Water Rights and Market Approaches to Water Quality Management

Sarah A. Cline; Mark W. Rosegrant; Claudia Ringler

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 47-60

Effectiveness of Market Approaches to Water Quality Management

K. William Easter; Robert C. Johansson

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 61-78

Integrated Water Quality Management in Brazil

Benedito Braga; Monica Porto; Luciano Meneses

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 79-94

Institutional Aspects of Water Quality Management in Brazil

Raymundo Garrido

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 95-106

Water Quality Management in Ceará, Brazil

José Nilson B. Campos; Francisco Assis de Souza-Filho

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 107-117

Water Quality Management in Mexico

Felipe I. Arreguín-Cortés; Enrique Mejía-Maravilla

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 119-136

Water Quality Management: Missing Concept for Developing Countries

J. Eugenio Barrios

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 137-146

Public Policies for Urban Wastewater Treatment in Guanajuato, Mexico

Ricardo Sandoval-Minero; Raúl Almeida-Jara

Marine biodiversity is threatened by human impact. Though few marine species are regarded as being extinct due to Man, many species are critically endangered (e.g. the monk seal Monachus monachus), endangered (e.g. the Mediterranean giant limpet Patella ferruginea) or vulnerable, i.e. dwindling rapidly, although not threatened with extinction in the immediate future (e.g. the large mollusk Pinna nobilis). There are also threats to ecosystems (ecodiversity), such as, in the Mediterranean, the Lithophyllum byssoides rim and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadow. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were initially established to protect biodiversity via the removal of human exploitation and occupation. However, since the 1970s, the notion of MPA has moved on to a more general concept of nature conservation, then to a more dynamic one of nature management, within the framework of sustainable development. Today, the aims of MPAs are therefore sixfold: nature conservation, public education, reference areas for scientific research, tourism, export of fish eggs, larvae and adults to adjacent areas and finally management of the various uses of the sea (e.g. commercial fishing, recreational fishing, pleasure boating and tourism) in such a way that they do not conflict with each other or with conservation aims. Mediterranean MPAs, especially the Port-Cros National Park, illustrate the fact that they are rather characterized by the management of human activities than by a set of prohibitions and that there is no negative interaction between biodiversity conservation and artisanal fishing (i.e. small-scale commercial fishing), at least in the way it is done (i.e. with additional constraints to general regulations: mesh size, prohibition of trawling and longlining, etc.). Consequently, MPAs are generally of benefit to the economy (e.g. commercial fishing and tourism industry), not only within MPAs but also in adjacent areas. They therefore constitute a powerful tool for integrated coastal management.

Pp. 147-165