Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction:</jats:title><jats:p> Fatigue after stroke can negatively affect the survivors’ well-being. Despite the high prevalence and consequences of poststroke fatigue (PSF), there is no specific guidance for occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) to address this symptom. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> The objectives of the study were to identify and describe the research on potential occupational therapy (OT) interventions for PSF. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:</jats:title><jats:p> Three databases were searched using scoping review methodology. Two authors completed a title and abstract and full-text review. Study characteristics, participant characteristics, qualities of interventions, and outcome measures were extracted and synthesized. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Eight studies met selection criteria. Studies were conducted with stroke and traumatic brain injury patients in outpatient, inpatient, and community settings. Interventions included psychoeducation and behavior change, multicomponent programs, and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapies. The Fatigue Severity Scale and the Mental Fatigue Scale were commonly used. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Evidence for OT interventions targeting PSF is limited. Recommendations for future research are provided. </jats:p></jats:sec>

<jats:p> People who experience disorders of consciousness (DoC) following a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have complex rehabilitation needs addressed by occupational therapy. To examine the effectiveness of interventions to improve arousal and awareness of people with DoC following a TBI. For this systematic review, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched six databases in collaboration with a research librarian. Twenty-seven studies were included and grouped thematically. Multimodal sensory stimulation, familiar voices telling structured stories, and transcranial direct current stimulation had a moderate level of evidence. Multimodal sensory stimulation had the strongest evidence in support of its use in clinical practice. Occupational therapy practitioners should administer multimodal stimuli frequently as studies reported administering these interventions at least twice daily. Occupational therapy practitioners should incorporate personally relevant, meaningful, salient stimuli into interventions when treating patients with DoC. </jats:p>

<jats:p> Deficits in feeding can lead to impairments in occupational performance for children with special needs. This correlational study assessed the relationship between oromotor deficits, behavior problems related to feeding, and caregiver perception of the behavior in children with special needs. We included children with neurodevelopmental disorders ( n=79), between 2 and 12 years of chronological age, and their caregivers. Those fulfilling the selection criteria were administered the Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) and Schedule for Oromotor Assessment (SOMA). More than half the sample had skill deficits and behavioral problems related to feeding. There was a statistically significant correlation of oromotor deficits with specific food consistencies and feeding-related behavior problems. Children with special needs have impaired participation in feeding. Deficits at the body system level are associated with parental and cultural factors, which would have to be mitigated to optimize performance. </jats:p>

<jats:p> Upper limb stroke rehabilitation has been understudied in usual occupational therapy. The study’s purpose was to describe the timing and amount of usual occupational therapy in the stroke population for hospital-based outpatient upper limb rehabilitation. A multi-site study of timing and amount of occupational therapy was calculated for mild and moderate upper limb stroke impairments using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE). Mild stroke participants ( n = 58) had a mean of 164.25 days, and the moderate stroke participants ( n = 64) had a mean of 106.75 days from the date of stroke onset to first treatment which was significantly different ( p = .047). There were no significant differences in the amount of therapy between mild or moderate stroke patients. Mild stroke patients experience a longer delay in receiving outpatient occupational therapy compared with moderate impairments which may be attributed to the subtlety of the impairments that impact participation in daily activities. </jats:p>