Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Mitochondria drive CTLs’ killer instinct</jats:title> <jats:p> Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can terminate both virally infected cells and cancer cells by secreting cytolytic proteins such as perforin and granzyme B. CTLs are particularly effective because they can sequentially kill multiple targets in a process called serial killing. Lisci <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . have identified mitochondria as important regulators of CTL killing. Mice lacking the deubiquitinase USP30 have CTLs acutely depleted of mitochondria, and these cells have reduced killing ability but normal motility, signaling, and secretion. Surprisingly, the mitochondria’s metabolic functions were not required for this process. Rather, mitochondrial translation proved indispensable for CTL cytolytic protein synthesis and sustained CTL killing. —STS </jats:p>

<jats:title>Glia control white matter information flow</jats:title> <jats:p> The myelinated axons of the white matter mediate rapid information transmission between the brain’s processing nodes. Axonal excitability and conduction speed are key determinants of neural circuit function, but it is largely unknown how they are regulated. Lezmy <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . examined the effects of adenosine on the functional properties of myelinated axons. They observed activity-dependent calcium rise in astrocyte processes, calcium-triggered ATP release from astrocytes, activation of adenosine receptors in the axon initial segment and the nodes of Ranvier, increased cyclic AMP concentration, activation of HCN2 channels, and depolarization of axons by 5 to 10 millivolts. This molecular pathway enabled astrocytes to increase the excitability of pyramidal neurons and to profoundly decrease the axonal conduction velocity. Astrocytes thus control signaling speed in myelinated axons. —PRS </jats:p>

<jats:p> Trujillo <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . (Research Articles, 12 February 2021, eaax2537) conclude that the reintroduction of an ancestral amino acid substitution in the protein NOVA1 drastically alters the development of brain organoids. We show that cell lines used by the authors carry heterozygous deletions of the target DNA sequence, providing another plausible explanation for the effects observed. </jats:p>

<jats:p>With almost 2 million people in confinement, the United States locks up more people per capita than any other nation. Understanding the reasons and then forging a path to reduce mass incarceration in America will require better research and analyses of the government policies and spending that sustain the US carceral system.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Widespread distribution in Africa set to begin despite lingering questions about efficacy</jats:p>

<jats:p>The 4000-kilometer Trans-Papua Highway could turn the island’s western half into an “El Dorado for investors”</jats:p>

<jats:p>Hearing researchers may be left scrambling for animals</jats:p>

<jats:p>Move reinstates protections for fossil sites, marine zone</jats:p>