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<jats:title>RNA editing restricts ciliary kinases</jats:title> <jats:p> Ciliary kinases are essential for cilia formation and function, but it remains unknown how their activities are regulated in vivo. Li <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . created roundworm animal models carrying hyperactive ciliary kinases that disrupt cilia. Their genetic suppressor screens revealed that loss of an RNA adenosine deaminase, which catalyzes adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, rescued ciliary abnormalities. They found that kinase hyperactivation caused this RNA adenosine deaminase to edit kinase RNA and impair kinase RNA splicing and translation, thereby downregulating ciliary kinases from nuclei. These results suggest that ciliopathies may be treated by targeting the pathways outside of cilia. —DJ </jats:p>

<jats:title>A broad defense against SARS-like viruses</jats:title> <jats:p> Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus that has emerged as a serious human pathogen in the past 20 years. Treatment strategies that are broadly protective against current and future SARS-like coronaviruses are needed. Martinez <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . take on this challenge by developing vaccines based on chimeras of the viral spike protein. The messenger RNA vaccines encode spike proteins composed of domain modules from epidemic and pandemic coronaviruses, as well as bat coronaviruses with the potential to cross to humans. In aged mice vulnerable to infection, the chimeric vaccines protected against challenge from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and tested variants of concern, and zoonotic coronaviruses with pandemic potential. —VV </jats:p>

<jats:title>Safeguarding protein complex assembly</jats:title> <jats:p> The assembly of multiprotein complexes inside the cell requires each subunit to be produced at a defined level relative to its partners. Imbalances in subunit synthesis are inevitable, necessitating the elimination of unassembled intermediates. Zavodszky <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . found that a ubiquitin ligase called HERC1 is responsible for marking certain assembly intermediates of the proteasome for degradation. HERC1 finds these intermediates by recognizing a proteasome assembly factor that normally dissociates when assembly is complete. A point mutation in HERC1 that impairs its ability to recognize proteasome assembly intermediates causes neurodegeneration in mice, highlighting the importance of this quality control pathway. —SMH </jats:p>

<jats:title>Shuffling nitrogen with a light push</jats:title> <jats:p> Manipulation of carbon–nitrogen rings is integral to the synthesis of numerous pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds. Jurczyk <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . report that photoexcitation of carbonyl-substituted cyclic amines can shift the nitrogen from inside to outside the ring framework. The reaction appears to proceed through a 1,5-hydrogen shift to the electronically excited carbonyl, which sets in motion the subsequent carbon–nitrogen and carbon–carbon bonding rearrangements. Several oxygen and sulfur heterocycles were applicable as well. Addition of a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst rendered the reaction asymmetric. —JSY </jats:p>

<jats:title>Not your usual superconductor</jats:title> <jats:p> Most superconductors have only one superconducting phase. Khim <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . measured the magnetic susceptibility of the heavy fermion material CeRh <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> As <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> to reveal the presence of two distinct superconducting phases, one of which emerges from the other when an external magnetic field is applied (see the Perspective by Pourret and Knebel). The researchers ascribe the unusual properties of CeRh <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> As <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> to its crystal structure, which is globally centrosymmetric but consists of noncentrosymmetric layers. —JS </jats:p>

<jats:title>Blocking heat in two ways</jats:title> <jats:p> Low thermal conductivity is important for barrier coatings, thermoelectrics, and other applications. Gibson <jats:italic>et al</jats:italic> . combined two complementary methods that manipulate internal interface properties to dramatically decrease the thermal conductivity of the inorganic material BiO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> Cl <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> Se (see the Perspective by Kim and Cahill). The authors took advantage of both in-plane structural distortions and weak bonding layers to push the conductivity down to 0.1 watts per kelvin per meter: only four times that of air. The principles should be applicable to other systems and provide a method for developing crystals with extremely low thermal conductivity. —BG </jats:p>