Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Targeting distal C–H bonds in arenes</jats:title> <jats:p> The Friedel-Crafts reaction is among the oldest in organic chemistry. For well over a century, chemists have relied on electronic effects intrinsic to aryl rings to append substituents at specific sites along the periphery. However, only in the past decade have they devised catalytic techniques that over-ride these preferences so that new groups usually drawn to the neighboring sites of an existing substituent instead wind up two or three carbons away. Dutta <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> review progress in this field, highlighting elaborate directing groups and mediators as well as sophisticated ligand design. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abd5992">eabd5992</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A T cell sleeper agent against stress</jats:title> <jats:p> Considerable changes in cellular metabolism occur when T cells transition from a resting to an activated state. One side effect of this process is an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules potentiate T cell receptor (TCR) signaling but can also result in detrimental oxidative stress (see the Perspective by Su and Dutta). Yue <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> describe one mechanism by which T cells can resolve this contradiction. Using mice with a T cell-specific deficiency in Schlafen 2 (SLFN2), they found that this protein binds to and protects transfer RNAs from oxidative stress-induced cleavage by the ribonuclease angiogenin. This process is downstream of ROS generation, which allows activated T cells to maintain protein synthesis despite the ROS that would otherwise inhibit translation. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.aba4220">eaba4220</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article issue="6543" page="683" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="372">683</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>Characterizing a cancer spliceosome</jats:title> <jats:p> Cells undergo many genomic changes as they progress toward metastatic cancer. One aspect of this change is to RNA expression and splicing isoforms, but how these differences affect tumor progression is not well characterized. Fish <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> developed a computational framework called pyTEISER that identifies structural cis-regulatory elements that control diverse types of RNA regulation. Applying pyTEISER to models of breast cancer metastasis, they discovered an RNA short-stem-loop element that forms a “structural splicing enhancer” that acts in cis to regulate alternative splicing of RNA transcripts. One of these interactions encompasses the RNA-binding protein SNRPA1 and results in alternative exon inclusion that affects metastatic capacity in xenograft models. Thus, RNA element binding may play a role in splicing regulation and is potentially an important component of the cis-splicing code. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abc7531">eabc7531</jats:related-article> </jats:p>

<jats:title>A brain circuit that drives and gates curiosity</jats:title> <jats:p> Curiosity is what drives organisms to investigate each other and their environment. It is considered by many to be as intrinsic as hunger and thirst, but the neurobiological mechanisms behind curiosity have remained elusive. In mice, Ahmadlou <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> found that a specific population of genetically identified γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)—ergic neurons in a brain region called the zona incerta receive excitatory input in the form of novelty and/or arousal information from the prelimbic cortex, and these neurons send inhibitory projections to the periaqueductal gray region (see the Perspective by Farahbakhsh and Siciliano). This circuitry is necessary for the exploration of new objects and conspecifics. </jats:p> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , this issue p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" related-article-type="in-this-issue" xlink:href="10.1126/science.abe9681">eabe9681</jats:related-article> ; see also p. <jats:related-article issue="6543" page="684" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="372">684</jats:related-article> </jats:p>