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<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p> Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) is often used as a rehabilitation tool for neurological impairments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of rehabilitation with robotic devices on quality of life and depression. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources</jats:title><jats:p> Two electronic databases (MEDLINE and Scopus) were searched for studies from inception up to December 2022. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review methods</jats:title><jats:p> Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were pooled separately for analyses, studying each one’s mental and physical health and depression. Random effect meta-analyses were run using standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> A total of 853 studies were identified from the literature search. 31 studies (17 RCTs and 14 non-RCTs) including 1151 subjects met the inclusion criteria. 31 studies were selected for the systematic review and 27 studies for the meta-analysis. The outcome measure of mental health significantly improved in favor of the RAGT group in RCTs and non-RCTs (adjusted Hedges’g 0.72, 95% CI: 0.34–1.10, adjusted Hedges g = 0.80, 95% CI 0.21-1.39, respectively). We observed a significant effect of RAGT on physical health in RCTs and non-RCTs (adjusted Hedges’g 0.58, 95% CI 0.28, 0.88, adjusted Hedges g = 0.73, 95% CI 0.12, 1.33). After realizing a sensitivity analysis in RCTs, a positive impact on depression is observed (Hedges’ g of −0.66, 95% CI −1.08 to −0.24). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p> This study suggests that RAGT could improve the quality of life of patients with neurological impairments. A positive impact on depression is also observed in the short term. Further studies are needed to differentiate grounded and overgrounded exoskeletons as well as RCT comparing overground exoskeletons with a control group. </jats:p></jats:sec>

<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p> To determine the effect of time waiting for admission to inpatient neurorehabilitation following acquired brain injury on rehabilitation outcomes. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p> A retrospective observational case series. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p> A specialist brain injury inpatient rehabilitation service. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects</jats:title><jats:p> Consecutive 235 admissions to specialist brain injury rehabilitation following acutely-acquired brain injury between 2019 and 2022. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Measures</jats:title><jats:p> Waiting time from the point of injury to admission, diagnostic category, admission complexity (patient categorisation tool), functional status (functional independence measure/functional attainment measure), care needs (Northwick Park Care Needs Assessment), change in functional status and care needs over duration of admission (efficiency). Subgroup analysis was performed for patients with a tracheostomy, enteral feeding, anticonvulsant treatment and prior neurosurgery. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p> There was no relationship between admission wait and initial complexity ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= 0.006; p = 0.923), functional status ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.070; p = 0.284) or care needs ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= 0.019; p = 0.768). Longer waiting times were significantly associated with reduced efficiency of rehabilitation ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.240; p = 0.0002) and change of care needs ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.246; p = 0.0001). Longer waits were associated with reduced rehabilitation efficiency for patients prescribed anticonvulsants ( n = 115; r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.243; p = 0.009), with a tracheostomy ( n = 46; r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.362; p = 0.013), requiring enteral nutrition ( n = 137; r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.237; p = 0.005) or having had intracranial surgery ( n = 97; r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.344; p = 0.0006). There was a negative association between waiting times and reduction in care needs for patients admitted on anticonvulsants ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.319; p = 0.0005) and requiring enteral nutrition ( r<jats:sub>s </jats:sub>= −0.269; p = 0.001). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p> Longer wait for transfer to rehabilitation following brain injury is associated with reduced improvement in functional status and care needs over time. Attention should be given to ensuring rapid transfer into inpatient rehabilitation services. </jats:p></jats:sec>