Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background and aims</jats:title> <jats:p>Defoliation triggers the remobilisation of root reserves to generate new leaves which can affect root growth until the shoot resumes net assimilation. However, the duration of root growth cessation and its impact on resource uptake potential is uncertain.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>Winter wheat was established in a 4 m high outdoor rhizobox facility equipped with imaging panels, sensors, and access points for tracer-labelling. The wheat was defoliated in autumn at early tillering and roots were imaged at a high-time resolution and analyzed by deep learning segmentation. The water and nitrogen (N) uptake were measured using time-domain reflectometer (TDR) sensors and <jats:sup>2</jats:sup>H and <jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N isotopes.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Root penetration of wheat paused for 269 °C days (20 days) following defoliation after which it resumed at a similar rate to un-defoliated plants (1.8 mm °C days<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). This caused a substantial decrease in root density with an associated reduction in water and N uptake at maturity, especially from deeper soil layers (&gt;2 m).</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title> <jats:p>Our results have significant implications for managing the grazing of dual-purpose crops to balance the interplay between canopy removal and the capacity of deep roots to provide water and N for yield recovery.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background and aims</jats:title> <jats:p>Agricultural activities can degrade soils and promote weeds, posing challenges to native species restoration. In agricultural restoration, removing contaminated topsoil is a method designed to reduce elevated soil nutrients caused by fertilisation. This strategy targets weed control by eliminating both aboveground weeds and their soil seed bank before direct seeding. However, it also diminishes native soil seed banks and beneficial soil microbes. We investigated the potential of fresh topsoil pellets containing seeds to improve seedling performance in a degraded grassy woodland where topsoil had been removed.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>We tested various pellet recipes, including one using commercial ingredients and three with different topsoil proportions (30%, 50%, and 70%). The study was conducted in a degraded grassy woodland in southeastern Australia, where topsoil was removed for restoration. We explored the effect of these pellet varieties on seedling emergence and growth of six native species common in this community, as well as microbial activity in the soil surrounding the seedlings.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Pellets significantly improved the emergence of <jats:italic>Chrysocephalum apiculatum</jats:italic>, providing evidence of their effectiveness. However, pellets significantly reduced <jats:italic>Arthropodium milleflorum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Glycine tabacina</jats:italic> emergence. <jats:italic>Linum marginale</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rytidosperma caespitosum</jats:italic> emergence remained unaffected by pellets<jats:italic>.</jats:italic> One species, <jats:italic>Bothriochloa macra,</jats:italic> had insufficient emergence for analysis. The microbial activity of the soil surrounding <jats:italic>Rytidosperma caespitosum</jats:italic> seedlings was significantly improved by pellets, with no significant effects observed for other species.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Our results demonstrate that topsoil pellets improved the emergence of one native species, but reduced emergence for two others, indicating species-specific responses to pelleting.</jats:p> </jats:sec>