Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:p>The spin-valley coupling between circularly polarized light and valley excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides provides the opportunity to generate and manipulate spin information by exploiting the valley degree of freedom. Here, we demonstrate a room-temperature valley-addressable tungsten disulfide monolayer laser in which the spin of lasing is controlled by the spin of pump without magnetic fields. This effect was achieved by integrating a tungsten disulfide monolayer into a photonic cavity that supports two orthogonal spin modes with high quality factors. The spin-pumped lasing effectively broke the population symmetry of valley excitons, resulting in highly coherent emission with valley-switchable radiation modes due to distinct laser thresholds. Our scheme provides a nanophotonic platform to develop versatile coherent spin-light sources operating at room temperature by actively manipulating spin-valley coupling in light-matter interactions.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Functional polyethylenes possess valuable bulk and surface properties, but the limits of current synthetic methods narrow the range of accessible materials and prevent many envisioned applications. Instead, these materials are often used in composite films that are challenging to recycle. We report a Cu-catalyzed amination of polyethylenes to form mono- and bifunctional materials containing a series of polar groups and substituents. Designed catalysts with hydrophobic moieties enable the amination of linear and branched polyethylenes without chain scission or cross-linking, leading to polyethylenes with otherwise inaccessible combinations of functional groups and architectures. The resulting materials possess tunable bulk and surface properties, including toughness, adhesion to metal, paintability, and water solubility, which could unlock applications for functional polyethylenes and reduce the need for complex composites.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Fluorine is an increasingly common substituent in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals because it improves the bioavailability and metabolic stability of organic molecules. Fluorinated gases represent intuitive building blocks for the late-stage installation of fluorinated groups, but they are generally overlooked because they require the use of specialized equipment. We report a general strategy for handling fluorinated gases as benchtop-stable solid reagents using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Gas-MOF reagents are prepared on gram-scale and used to facilitate fluorovinylation and fluoroalkylation reactions. Encapsulation of gas-MOF reagents within wax enables stable storage on the benchtop and controlled release into solution upon sonication, which represents a safer alternative to handling the gas directly. Furthermore, our approach enables high-throughput reaction development with these gases.</jats:p>

<jats:p>After heart injury, dead heart muscle is replaced by scar tissue. Fibroblasts can electrically couple with myocytes, and changes in fibroblast membrane potential can lead to myocyte excitability, which suggests that fibroblast-myocyte coupling in scar tissue may be responsible for arrhythmogenesis. However, the physiologic relevance of electrical coupling of myocytes and fibroblasts and its impact on cardiac excitability in vivo have never been demonstrated. We genetically engineered a mouse that expresses the optogenetic cationic channel ChR2 (H134R) exclusively in cardiac fibroblasts. After myocardial infarction, optical stimulation of scar tissue elicited organ-wide cardiac excitation and induced arrhythmias in these animals. Complementing computational modeling with experimental approaches, we showed that gap junctional and ephaptic coupling, in a synergistic yet functionally redundant manner, excited myocytes coupled to fibroblasts.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Targeted protein degradation can provide advantages over inhibition approaches in the development of therapeutic strategies. Lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs) harness receptors, such as the cation-independent mannose 6–phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR), to direct extracellular proteins to lysosomes. In this work, we used a genome-wide CRISPR knockout approach to identify modulators of LYTAC-mediated membrane protein degradation in human cells. We found that disrupting retromer genes improved target degradation by reducing LYTAC recycling to the plasma membrane. Neddylated cullin-3 facilitated LYTAC-complex lysosomal maturation and was a predictive marker for LYTAC efficacy. A substantial fraction of cell surface CI-M6PR remains occupied by endogenous M6P-modified glycoproteins. Thus, inhibition of M6P biosynthesis increased the internalization of LYTAC-target complexes. Our findings inform design strategies for next-generation LYTACs and elucidate aspects of cell surface receptor occupancy and trafficking.</jats:p>

<jats:p>As electronic devices continue to shrink to just a few nanometers, enabling the integration of billions of devices in computers, power consumption has surged beyond control, exceeding thermal limits and leading to failure. To address this issue, researchers are exploring an alternative to conventional electronics by harnessing the property of “spin” rather than “charge.” This emerging field, known as spintronics, compared to its counterpart electronics, holds the promise of more energy-efficient quantum computing and data storage, and beyond. Recent successes with van der Waals (vdW)–layered diluted magnetic chalcogenide semiconductors (dMCSs) are promising and have sparked a vibrant research community. This field is still in its infancy on the path to realizing the ultimate spintronics. But it is highly likely that the remaining scientific challenges can be overcome within the next decade or so.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Past the halfway point, Extremely Large Telescope prepares to receive first mirrors</jats:p>

<jats:p>The asteroid Psyche could be the remnant of a protoplanet, offering insight into the formation of planetary cores</jats:p>

<jats:p>As the world's largest dam removal takes shape, restoration ecologists are poised to transform a landscape</jats:p>