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<jats:p> <jats:bold>SEATTLE</jats:bold> —Where do people get their attitudes about science? The question has bedeviled any number of scientists, who have encountered incomprehension—even hostility—in their conversations with nonscientists. But new research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science here is uncovering some answers—and some surprising differences among people from different nations. </jats:p> <jats:p> See last week's issue ( <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , 21 February, p.1060) for coverage of early sessions on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061a" xlink:type="simple">global R&amp;D funding</jats:ext-link> and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061b" xlink:type="simple">submarine vents</jats:ext-link> . </jats:p>

<jats:p>When a team of archaeologists publicly accepted a disputed Chilean site as being 12,500 years old—and therefore proof of an early human presence in the Americas—the press compared it to the breaking of the sound barrier. But researchers say that the news on the site of Monte Verde amounted to the conversion of just two archaeologists—and that the debate isn't over yet.</jats:p> <jats:p> See last week's issue ( <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , 21 February, p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="1061" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="275" xlink:href="10.1126/science.275.5303.1061a" xlink:type="simple">1061</jats:related-article> ) for coverage of early sessions on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061a" xlink:type="simple">global R&amp;D funding</jats:ext-link> and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061b" xlink:type="simple">submarine vents</jats:ext-link> . </jats:p>

<jats:p> <jats:bold>SEATTLE</jats:bold> —Astronomers studying bursts of x-rays from rapidly spinning neutron stars may have seen the thin atmosphere of one superdense object brake and accelerate like a spinning figure skater, all in the space of a few seconds. The finding, from NASA's X-ray Timing Explorer satellite, was presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science here. </jats:p> <jats:p> See last week's issue ( <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , 21 February, p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="1061" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="275" xlink:href="10.1126/science.275.5303.1061a" xlink:type="simple">1061</jats:related-article> )for coverage of early sessions on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061a" xlink:type="simple">global R&amp;D funding</jats:ext-link> and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061b" xlink:type="simple">submarine vents</jats:ext-link> . </jats:p>

<jats:p> <jats:bold>SEATTLE</jats:bold> —Newly dated fish bones and artifacts reveal that Indians were basking in the Florida sun almost 10,000 years ago. The finding, reported at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science here, pushes back by at least 3000 years the time that people are known to have inhabited the Atlantic Coast of North America. </jats:p> <jats:p> See last week's issue ( <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , 21 February, p. <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="1061" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="275" xlink:href="10.1126/science.275.5303.1061a" xlink:type="simple">1061</jats:related-article> 1061) for coverage of early sessions on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061a" xlink:type="simple">global R&amp;D funding</jats:ext-link> and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061b" xlink:type="simple">submarine vents</jats:ext-link> . </jats:p>

<jats:p> <jats:bold>SEATTLE</jats:bold> —At the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science here, behavioral ecologist Monique Borgerhoff Mulder of the University of California, Davis, presented new data suggesting a key to the evolutionary puzzle of why, as societies get richer, individuals have fewer children, rather than trying to pass on their genes by having more. The answer: They are more successful at passing on their genes if they maximize not their total number of children but the amount of resources, or wealth, they pass along to each child. </jats:p> <jats:p> See last week's issue ( <jats:italic>Science</jats:italic> , 21 February, <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" page="1061" related-article-type="in-this-issue" vol="275" xlink:href="10.1126/science.275.5303.1061a" xlink:type="simple">p.1061</jats:related-article> ) for coverage of early sessions on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061a" xlink:type="simple">global R&amp;D funding</jats:ext-link> and <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/275/5303/1061b" xlink:type="simple">submarine vents</jats:ext-link> . </jats:p>

<jats:p>Researchers now have an understanding of the intricate mechanism by which the AIDS virus enters cells. They are racing to turn this understanding into new therapies and are hoping it will provide clues to new vaccines and animal models to study the disease.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Half a dozen groups are vying for priority on CCR5—the receptor HIV uses to enter cells early in an infection—and many are filing patents. But these competitors may themselves be surprised to learn that a company that was not directly involved in these HIV studies—Human Genome Sciences of Rockville, Maryland—appears to have beaten everyone to the patent office.</jats:p>

<jats:p> <jats:bold>SAN DIEGO</jats:bold> —At the joint meetings of the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematical Association of America here, a historian of mathematics shed new light on how mathematical research survived the Cultural Revolution in China during the 1960s and '70s. A highly abstract theory imported from the capital of Western imperialism, the United States, helped Chinese mathematicians cast their work in an ideologically favorable light, he said. </jats:p>

<jats:p>Two new cores of ancient sea-floor muds preserve debris from the giant impact at the end of the Cretaceous period. And one core, drilled through a New Jersey state park, documents that many marine species went extinct at the moment the impact struck.</jats:p>