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The changes of surface profile of oil paintings on canvas caused by rapid humidity are examined by spectral OCT. The speed, resolution, and long-time stability of SOCT make this technique appropriate for quantitative determination of surface profile changes.

Review of recent critical points for introduction of laser technology into the field of heritage documentation, management, conservation, and archaeology will be discussed. The relationship of benefit versus cost of 3D laser scanning technique for complex multitask heritage recording project at Wilanow is presented. Definition of basic criteria for the successful use of such heritage detailed record as laser scanning is given.

Review of recent critical points for introduction of laser technology into the field of heritage documentation, management, conservation, and archaeology will be discussed. The relationship of benefit versus cost of 3D laser scanning technique for complex multitask heritage recording project at Wilanow is presented. Definition of basic criteria for the successful use of such heritage detailed record as laser scanning is given.

This work, aimed at quantifying the morphological variations induced by laser cleaning on stone materials, represents a very first attempt for a new quantitative means to reveal changes in stone surfaces. It is a three-dimensional survey carried out by means of laser micro-profilometry and completed by statistical data processing. The acquisition and successive computation is performed on small selected areas both before and after the cleaning process.

Drawings and photographs are often insufficient for documentation in the field of art conservation. A reliable documentation requires the acquisition of geometrical as well as colour information. For this purpose a mobile true colour topometric measurement system has been developed.

This chapter describes the surveying work and the creation of a 3D model of a Pegasus statue, which builds the basis for a static analysis. The supporting legs of the statue were surveyed with the close-range laser scanner, Minolta VIVID 900. Approximately 45 individual scans were required to cover each leg. The rest of the statue was surveyed with the terrestrial laser scanner, Riegl LMS-Z420i with eight individual scans. The surveying of the statue using these two laser scanners is particularly interesting because the statue represents a rather “small” object for a terrestrial laser scanner, whereas for a close-range laser scanner it represents a rather “huge” object. With the aid of photos of the statue, the relative orientation between the different laser data was determined in the course of a hybrid bundle block adjustment. Finally, a “waterproof” 3D model of this complex statue was derived.

The recent incorporation of laser devices provides advanced tools for assisting the conservation and restoration of Cultural Heritage. It is necessary to have as complete as possible understanding of the object state before evaluating or defining the reach of the restoration process. Thus, a special effort is devoted to surveying, measuring and generating a high-resolution 3D model prior to restoration planning. This work presents results of several experiments performed on damaged pieces for evaluation purposes in Cultural Heritage. Some software tools are applied for carving-work analysis, conservation-state monitoring, and simulation of weathering processes for evaluating temporal changes. In all cases considered, a high resolution information capture has been performed with a laser scanner, the Minolta 910. Our approach is flexible enough to be adapted to other kinds of pieces or Cultural Heritage artefacts, in order to provide an assessment for intervention planning in conservation and restoration tasks.

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) has been used to monitor microdeformations and surface microstructure changes produced by crystallization or hydration pressure of magnesium sulfate in a porous material. Samples of fritted glass were chosen as a standard porous substrate because of its mean grain size, its porosity distribution, and its negligible humidity expansion. The glass samples, soaked with salt solution, were exposed to changes in relative humidity of the surrounding air. The full-field ESPI measurements were combined with cryogenic SEM visualizations. Results from these investigations were partly not expected theoretically and give new insight in the underlying salt phase transition processes.

A powerful sensor system providing both high-resolution textures and highly accurate 3D geometry information is created by combining near-range photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning. As both sensors are integrated closely into a single system, the textures can be applied to the 3D data automatically and with high precision. These sensors have proven as extremely valuable tools in applications of cultural heritage, architecture, and archaeology. We demonstrate the capabilities of the RIEGL LMS-Z420i system with an integrated high-resolution camera by presenting the work flow of data acquisition and postprocessing performed for modeling St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna, Austria, with an emphasis on the construction of CAD models.

A fluorescence lidar measurement has been performed on the castle Övedskloster in Sweden. A mobile system from the Lund University was placed at 40m distance from the sandstone façade. The lidar system, which uses a frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser with a 355-nm pulsed beam, induces fluorescence in each target point. Areas were studied by using whisk-broom scans. The possibility of detecting biodeteriogens on the surface and characterization of materials was confirmed. The method can be a tool for conservation planning and status control of the architectural heritage where fluorescence light can point out features that are not normally visible under natural illumination.