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Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation

Joep Perk ; Helmut Gohlke ; Irene Hellemans ; Philippe Sellier ; Peter Mathes ; Catherine Monpère ; Hannah McGee ; Hugo Saner (eds.)

Resumen/Descripción – provisto por la editorial

No disponible.

Palabras clave – provistas por la editorial

Cardiology; Cardiac Surgery; Intensive / Critical Care Medicine; Rehabilitation; General Practice / Family Medicine

Disponibilidad
Institución detectada Año de publicación Navegá Descargá Solicitá
No detectada 2007 SpringerLink

Información

Tipo de recurso:

libros

ISBN impreso

978-1-84628-462-5

ISBN electrónico

978-1-84628-502-8

Editor responsable

Springer Nature

País de edición

Reino Unido

Fecha de publicación

Información sobre derechos de publicación

© Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007

Tabla de contenidos

The Role of Sports in Preventive Cardiology

Hans H. Bjørnstad; Tor H. Bjørnstad; Yngvar Ommundsen

There are a large number of studies demonstrating that physical activity reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Some studies are on physical activity during work, some on leisure-time activity and some on a combination of the two.

Section III - Exercise Training in Heart Disease | Pp. 163-169

Advising Patients with Cardiac Disease and after Cardiac Interventions about Sports Activities

Hans H. Bjørnstad; Asle Hirth; Saied Nadirpour; Britt Undheim

Cardiac rehabilitation increases fitness and quality of life and should therefore be offered to all patients after acute cardiac events and interventions. After a rehabilitation program of 4–8 weeks further physical activity is important, and usually previous sports can be taken up at some level. In most cases this will be recreational sports, but sometimes also recommendations for competitive sports are needed after a cardiac event or diagnosis of a cardiac disorder.

Section III - Exercise Training in Heart Disease | Pp. 170-178

Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Impact of Nutrition on the Risk of Fatal Complications and Importance of the Concept of Omega-3 Deficiency

Michel de Lorgeril; Patricia Salen

Active prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) is usually started immediately after the first clinical manifestation of CHD. Secondary prevention should primarily focus on the risk of death. The two main causes of death in these patients are sudden cardiac death (SCD) and heart failure (HF), often resulting from myocardial ischemia and subsequent necrosis. In that context, it is crucial to understand that our populations are chronically and severely deficient in some major nutrients, in particular omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). Actually, consumption of n-3 PUFA is inversely correlated with the risk of SCD, the main cause of death in CHD patients. On the other hand, the main mechanism underlying recurrent cardiac events is myocardial ischemia resulting from atherosclerotic plaque rupture or ulceration.

Section IV - Nutrition | Pp. 181-193

Nutrition Counseling for Diabetic Patients

Bénédicte Vergès-Patois; Bruno Vergès

Diabetes mellitus is a common disease in the population and it is clearly recognized that patients with diabetes have an increased risk for coronary heart disease. Indeed, several studies have shown that diabetic subjects have a two to four times greater risk of developing and dying from coronary heart disease than non-diabetic persons.–

Section IV - Nutrition | Pp. 194-200

Nutritional Counseling for Overweight Patients and Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

André J. Scheen; Nicolas Paquot

An alarming rise in overweight and obesity is occurring worldwide., Obesity is more common than cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer combined, and may be a leading cause of these three disorders and numerous other morbid states. Despite some advances in research into genetic, metabolic, behavioral, psychological, and environmental factors, children, adolescents, and adults are continuing to become overweight and obese in increasing numbers. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report a doubling of the obese population in the period between 1976–1980 and 2001–2003. Currently, in this country, nearly two-thirds of adults are overweight, nearly onethird are obese, and almost 5% are extremely obese. Especially impressive is the progression of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

Section IV - Nutrition | Pp. 201-211

Nutritional Counseling: Practical Models

Catherine Monpére

Hippocrates’ famous aphorism “we are what we eat” is more than ever pertinent at the present time. Indeed, strong scientific evidence has demonstrated that dietary patterns are important determinants of health status, especially concerning the cardiovascular system. However, nutrition must be considered not only as an energetic source, but must be integrated with its other components: culture, beliefs, tradition, and pleasure. This complexity explains why behavioral modifications in nutrition are so difficult to promote and sustain in subjects, often needing deep changes in the ways of being and thinking. Moreover, as cardiovascular prevention is multifactorial, healthy food choices must often be associated with other behavioral modifications, such as smoking cessation or physical exercise, so our main task will be to help patients to cope with all these recommendations.

Section IV - Nutrition | Pp. 212-223

The Burden of Smoking on Cardiovascular Disease

Ulrich Keil

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the number of smokers in the world was estimated to be 1. 1 billion in the year 2000. Of those, 300 million lived in the developed world, while 800 million lived in developing countries.

Section V - Tobacco Addiction | Pp. 227-234

The Role of Tobacco Dependence and Addiction

Trudi P. G. Tromp-Beelen

Most smokers do want to quit smoking. That this is not always an easy task can be attributed to the fact that dependence plays an important role. Nicotine dependence meets all criteria of addiction. The use is compulsive, it is hard to quit even when there is clear damage, withdrawal symptoms appear when stopping, and there is always a risk of falling back when trying to quit a chronic behavior. Smoking dependence fits the criteria given in the system, version IV (DSM IV), grading dependence and addiction to a substance (Table 28-1).

Section V - Tobacco Addiction | Pp. 235-238

Treatment of Tobacco Dependency

Trudi P. G. Tromp-Beelen; Irene Hellemans

When stopping smoking, the patient deals on the one hand with physical and on the other hand with psychosocial withdrawal, in other words getting out of smoking behavior. The patient has to learn how to deal with smoking needs and has to change habit patterns and to replace the function of smoking by, for example, learning to relax and deal with stress without cigarettes.

Section V - Tobacco Addiction | Pp. 239-244

Psychosocial Aspects in Prevention and Rehabilitation

Annika Rosengren

According to popular opinion, stress is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). This view has not, however, so far been altogether accepted by the medical profession. However, accumulating evidence does demonstrate that it is likely that stress and other psychosocial factors are causally related to CHD, and possibly to stroke. Other than stress, some of the psychosocial factors that have been investigated in relation to CHD include socioeconomic factors, social support, adverse life events, personality factors, perceived control, anxiety, and depression.

Section VI - Psychological and Behavioral Support | Pp. 249-255