Catálogo de publicaciones - libros
Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Plasmas
W.B. Burton ; J. M. E. Kuijpers ; E. P. J. Van Den Heuvel ; H. Van Der Laan ; I. Appenzeller ; J. N. Bahcall ; F. Bertola ; J. P. Cassinelli ; C. J. Cesarsky ; O. Engvold ; R. McCray ; P. G. Murdin ; F. Pacini ; V. Radhakrishnan ; K. Sato ; F. H. Shu ; B. V. Somov ; R. A. Sunyaev ; Y. Tanaka ; S. Tremaine ; N. O. Weiss ; A. Surjalal Sharma ; Predhiman K. Kaw (eds.)
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Disponibilidad
| Institución detectada | Año de publicación | Navegá | Descargá | Solicitá |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No detectada | 2005 | SpringerLink |
Información
Tipo de recurso:
libros
ISBN impreso
978-1-4020-3108-3
ISBN electrónico
978-1-4020-3109-0
Editor responsable
Springer Nature
País de edición
Reino Unido
Fecha de publicación
2005
Información sobre derechos de publicación
© Springer 2005
Cobertura temática
Tabla de contenidos
Internal Transport Barriers in Magnetised Plasmas
X. Garbet; P. Ghendrih; Y. Sarazin; P. Beyer; C. Figarella; S. Benkadda
The mechanisms leading to the onset and sustainment of an Internal Transport Barrier are overviewed. It is shown that both magnetic shear and shear flow are important at different stages of a barrier evolution. The role of turbulent structures is also assessed. Large scale transport events are found to be impeded by the shear flow that takes place within a transport barrier. Zonal Flows appear to be quenched in most cases due to the cancellation of the Reynolds stress.
Section 2 - Laboratory Plasmas | Pp. 239-256
Characterization of Turbulence in Terms of Probability Density Function
C. Hidalgo; B. Gonçalves; M. A. Pedrosa
A new approach, based on multi-field probability density function statistical analysis, is proposed to describe transport in non-equilibrium systems and to unravel the overall picture connecting transport, gradients and flows in fusion plasmas. Based on this approach, significant improvement in our understanding of the statistical properties of fluctuations, the non-linear link between transport and gradients and the physics of flows have been recently achieved in fusion plasmas. An empirical similarity in the scaling properties of the probability distribution function (PDF) of turbulent transport has been observed in the plasma edge region in fusion plasmas. The investigation of the dynamical interplay between fluctuation in gradients, turbulent transport and radial electric fields has shown that these parameters are strongly coupled. The bursty behavior of turbulent transport is linked with a departure from the most probable radial gradient. The dynamical relation between fluctuations in gradients and transport is strongly affected by the presence of sheared poloidal flows which organized themselves near marginal stability. Experimental results show that there is a dynamical relationship between transport and parallel flows, showing that turbulent transport can drive parallel flows in the plasma boundary of fusion plasmas. These results emphasize the importance of the statistical description of transport processes in fusion plasmas as an alternative approach to the traditional way to characterize transport based on the computation of effective transport coefficients.
Section 2 - Laboratory Plasmas | Pp. 257-272
Phase Transition in Dusty Plasmas
Gurudas Ganguli; Glenn Joyce; Martin Lampe
We discuss the microphysical processes that trigger phase transitions in a dusty plasma not in thermodynamic equilibrium and subject to ion streaming. For pressures below the critical pressure P for condensation, the grains acquire a large random kinetic energy and form a weakly coupled fluid. If pressure is increased to greater than P, the grains lose their kinetic energy and reach a strongly coupled crystalline state. The dust heating in the fluid phase is due to an ion-dust two-stream instability, which is stabilized at P > P by the combined effect of ion-neutral and dust-neutral collisions. When the pressure is decreased from the crystalline state to below the critical pressure P for melting, transverse phonons are destabilized by ion streaming, which destroys the short range ordering of the dust grains and triggers melting. It is found that P < P. For P < P < P mixed phase states can exist. Although the system is not in thermodynamic equilibrium, the process resembles closely to a first order phase transition.
Section 2 - Laboratory Plasmas | Pp. 273-290
Precursors of Catastrophic Failures
Srutarshi Pradhan; Bikas K. Chakrabarti
We review here briefly the nature of precursors of global failures in three different kinds of many-body dynamical systems. First, we consider the lattice models of self-organised criticality in sandpiles and investigate numerically the effect of pulsed perturbations to the systems prior to reaching their respective critical points. We consider next, the random strength fiber bundle models, under global load sharing approximation, and derive analytically the partial failure response behavior at loading level less than its global failure or critical point. Finally, we consider the two-fractal overlap model of earthquake and analyse numerically the overlap time series data as one fractal moves over the other with uniform velocity. The precursors of global or major failure in all three cases are shown to be very well characterized and prominent.
Section 3 - Cross-Disciplinary Studies | Pp. 293-310
Multi-Scale Interactions and Predictability of the Indian Summer Monsoon
B. N. Goswami; R. S. Ajaya Mohan
Following the seminal work of Charney and Shukla (1981), the tropical climate is recognised to be more predictable than extra tropical climate as it is largely forced by ‘external’ slowly varying forcing and less sensitive to initial conditions. However, the Indian summer monsoon is an exception within the tropics where ‘internal’ low frequency (LF) oscillations seem to make significant contribution to its interannual variability (IAV) and makes it sensitive to initial conditions. Quantitative estimate of contribution of ‘internal’ dynamics to IAV of Indian monsoon is made using long experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) and through analysis of long daily observations. Both AGCM experiments and observations indicate that more than 50% of IAV of the monsoon is contributed by ‘internal’ dynamics making the predictable signal (external component) burried in unpredictable noise (internal component) of comparable amplitude. Better understanding of the nature of the ‘internal’ LF variability is crucial for any improvement in predicition of seasonal mean monsoon.
Nature of ‘internal’ LF variability of the monsoon and mechanism responsible for it are investigated and shown that vigorous monsoon intraseasonal oscillations (ISO's) with time scale between 10–70 days are primarily responsible for generating the ‘internal’ IAV. The monsoon ISO's do this through scale interactions with synoptic disturbances (1–7 day time scale) on one hand and the annual cycle on the other. The spatial structure of the monsoon ISO's is similar to that of the seasonal mean. It is shown that frequency of occurance of strong (weak) phases of the ISO is different in different seasons giving rise to stronger (weaker) than normal monsoon. Change in the large scale circulation during strong (weak) phases of the ISO make it favourable (inhibiting) for cyclogenesis and gives rise to space time clustering of synoptic activity. This process leads to enhanced (reduced) rainfall in seasons of higher frequency of occurence strong (weak) phases of monsoon ISO.
Section 3 - Cross-Disciplinary Studies | Pp. 311-340