Catálogo de publicaciones - libros

Dusty plasmas, i.e. plasmas containing particles of nanometer to micrometer size, allow the observation of kinetic and collective effects on a microscopic scale with high temporal resolution. Collective effects in dusty plasmas manifest in various new wave modes, in linear and nonlinear particle oscillations and in unexpected particle-particle interactions. These collective phenomena are discussed in this chapter after an introduction into the fundamental properties of particle charging and the forces on the particles.

We give an overview of the properties of matter in planetary interiors. Of special interest are the equation of state and the conductivities. This field has gained much more interest because of the detection of Jupiter-like, extrasolar planets since 1995.

Measuring plasma quantities is a demanding challenge in experimental plasma physics. It requires detailed knowledge of basic plasma physics and related fields, such as atomic physics, aspects of thermodynamics and optics.

The diagnostics of fluctuating plasma quantities and their evaluation is an important issue in the context of plasma waves, instabilities, and transport. This chapter introduces into the basic data analysis methods of fluctuations and gives a brief overview over the most important diagnostics for fluctuation measurements, which is strongly related to the chapters on waves in plasmas Chap. 2 in Part I and transport questions Chap. 9 in Part II.

This article gives an overview of today's gas discharge light sources and their application fields with focus on research aspects. In Sect. 15.1 of this chapter, an introduction to electric light sources, the lighting market and related research topics is outlined. Due to the complexity of the subject, we have focused on selected topics in the field of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps since these represent an essential part of modern lamp research. The working principle and light technical properties of HID lamps are described in Sect. 15.2. Physical and thermochemical modelling procedures and tools as well as experimental analysis are discussed in Sects. 15.3 and 15.4, respectively. These tools result in a detailed scientific insight into the complexity of real discharge lamps. In particular, analysis and modelling are the keys for further improvement and development of existing and new products.

The use of computational methods is discussed for plasma edge physicsand plasma turbulence studies.

Nuclear fusion is one of the most important physics effects as it is the basis of power production and synthesis of nuclei in stars. The basic physics of this process is described. Based on this knowledge, the idea comes up to use this process also for power production on Earth. The physics of the possible nuclear reaction as well as the required physics parameters are described. From the power balance one receives a criterion for the fusion triple product, opening up two possible ways to achieve fusion conditions, i.e. magnetic and inertial confinement. The status of magnetic confinement fusion as well as the plans for the next step, ITER are described. Finally, an interesting physics principle to enhance fusion reactions at room temperature, i.e. muon-catalyzed fusion, is discussed.

The possible role of fusion as a future energy source is examined. These considerations have to link physical issues and socio-economic aspects.