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Mathematical Modelling for Sustainable Development

Marion Hersh

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Institución detectada Año de publicación Navegá Descargá Solicitá
No detectada 2006 SpringerLink

Información

Tipo de recurso:

libros

ISBN impreso

978-3-540-24216-1

ISBN electrónico

978-3-540-31224-6

Editor responsable

Springer Nature

País de edición

Reino Unido

Fecha de publicación

Información sobre derechos de publicación

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006

Cobertura temática

Tabla de contenidos

Multi-Criteria Decision Support Methods

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part II - Decision Making and Multi-Criteria Optimisation | Pp. 319-345

Case Study: Waste Management Options

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part II - Decision Making and Multi-Criteria Optimisation | Pp. 347-375

Introduction to Fuzzy Sets

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 389-419

Fuzzy Set Operations

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 421-440

Augmented, Intuitionistic & Type 2 Fuzzy Sets

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 441-477

Augmented Fuzzy Set Ordering Algorithm and Third Order Augmented Fuzzy Sets

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 479-498

Case Study: Transport Decision Making

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 499-528

Looking Back and Moving Forward

Marion Hersh

The occurrence of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in soil and water (; ; ; ) has led to increased research activities among environmental scientists to find out their possible environmental threats. As antibiotics are used for human and animal medical care, there is a possibility for these drugs to reach the environment via direct or indirect contamination (; ). As they are produced and applied with the aim of being biologically highly effective, their occurrence is of ecotoxicological interest. In Berlin, Germany, the groundwater wells located near contaminated surface waters showed a concentration of pharmaceuticals at the µg/L level (). Thus, at such a level of contamination, the use of groundwater for drinking purposes may pose a potential risk. Studies on the behavior of animal drugs and their metabolites after excretion, along with their transport from agricultural sources into surface water and groundwater by overland-flow runoff and leaching, are of utmost importance at present.

Part III - Uncertainty, Imprecision & Fuzzy Systems | Pp. 535-541