Catálogo de publicaciones - revistas

<jats:p>The marketing actions of influencers promoting unhealthy targeted products can aggravate the problem of childhood obesity and thus generate self-esteem problems. The influence of exposure to this type of sponsored content can also have an effect on the emotional well-being of adolescents. This is the context of this study, which seeks to analyze the relationship between exposure to food or body care advertising on social networks (YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok) of adolescents and their perception of their physical appearance. Online surveys were distributed between April and June 2022 to 1,055 adolescents aged 11-17 years and residing in Spain. The main results show that 16- and 17-year-olds have a heavier figure as an ideal reference, but they are also the group that presents the thinnest evaluation of their current figure. Their level of satisfaction is the lowest compared with the rest of the age groups, and they attach greater importance to the social role of a good physical appearance. Thus, exposure to advertising by influencers on social networks is directly related to lower satisfaction with their bodies. This assessment is based not so much on individual reasons related to health or personal well-being, but rather on fundamentally social reasons, and considers that physical appearance is a determining factor for social success. Therefore, it is advisable to study in more detail the beliefs that directly affect adolescents’ self-esteem to improve their critical competence in the face of this idealized content.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Are we witnessing the return of virtual worlds such as Deuxième Monde (1997) or Second Life (2003), boosted and enhanced by technologies? Or is it the coming of the next generation of the Internet (Web 3.0)? Or is it just a marketing repackaging of virtual reality markets that up to now did not deliver as expected? This paper attempts to provide answers to these questions. It introduces the notion of the metaverse, looks at its definition(s), and describes its key elements, thereby outlining the metaverse ecosystem. The article also attempts to draw lessons from the pioneering experiences of former virtual worlds, and thus examines some case studies from the video game industry. In conclusion, we investigate the metaverse’s potential constraints (energy/environment, cost of hardware and bandwidth, lack of business models, regulation) and opportunities, and reveal the challenges ahead for its widespread adoption.</jats:p>

<jats:p>The aim of this article is to characterize the main hashtags of Mexican feminist activism as part of the Latin American connected crowds, on the basis of a review of the most popular trends between 2016 and 2021 on Twitter. A total of 50 hashtags have been selected that, due to their repeated use, are characterized as femitags, that is, performative meta-discursive identifiers that mainly do three things: disseminate and tune in to frames of protest; extend women’s voices and slogans; and mobilize synchronic, diachronic, and transnational repertoires of collective action. These femitags appear in situated contexts, usually around events such as new cases of violence against women and calls to take to the streets, but with their extension, they become meta-communicative labels that articulate different activist practices. This study reveals not only their functions, but also their role as articulators of networked mobilizations, demonstrating the profound online and real-life intertwining of the fourth wave of Mexican, Latin American, and Spanish-speaking feminism.</jats:p>

<jats:p>In recent years, high-growth entrepreneurship (HGE) research has gained increasing importance. For this reason, it is considered necessary to analyze papers that have had the most significant impact on the development of the discipline and that should be familiar to all researchers. Building new knowledge on these works is important because it provides legitimacy and coherence to the future development of this research field. Thus, this paper aims to identify and characterize the classic articles in the field of HGE, a line of research that has seen significant growth in the last 30 years. The H-Classics method is used to identify these papers. Subsequently, several bibliometric aspects of this collection are analyzed, such as the forums of journals where they have been published, the most productive authors, the patterns of collaboration, and an analysis of the conceptual structure through co-word analysis. Exhaustive content analysis is carried out to complement this vision, identifying the proposed objectives, methodologies, types of data, analysis techniques used, and their main contributions in three consecutive periods. The results are of value to researchers interested in high-growth firms because they allow us to understand the foundations on which this discipline has been built through its classics and to determine its main challenges for the future.</jats:p>

<jats:p>This article presents the experimental design of ClaimCheck, an artificial intelligence tool for detecting repeated falsehoods in political discourse using a semantic similarity model developed by the fact-checking organization Newtral in collaboration with ABC Australia. The study reviews the state of the art in algorithmic fact-checking and proposes a definition of claim matching. Additionally, it outlines the scheme for annotating similar sentences and presents the results of experiments conducted with the tool.</jats:p>

<jats:p>This study explores the verification of the contents related to the coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian war during the first year of the conflict. We address the analysis of false information collected from the EDMO database by the Spanish fact-checking organizations: AFP Factual and Comprovem, EFE Verifica, RTVE Verifica, Maldita.es, Newtral and Verificat. Based on the results obtained, a typology has been established to identify the style, format and content of the misinformation under study. In this way, we follow the main trends in the manipulation dynamics that shaped the media coverage of the latest war in European territory. In total, up to 307 verifications by verifiers working in the Spanish context are analyzed. Unlike the hoaxes related to the origin of the coronavirus, in which the preferred format was the text message, in the invasion of Ukraine visual evidence has prevailed in the media coverage of the conflict during the initial phase of the conflict. We will see which are the social networks in which the greatest traffic and viralization of false news is detected, exposing users to manipulative content to a greater extent. Likewise, the potential implementation of a transnational network to combat disinformation in war contexts will be assessed. We will pay special attention to the important role of Spanish fact-checkers both at the European level and in identifying false information, avoiding its dissemination in Latin America. And, finally, we will detect the new challenges that war fact-checking faces, as a result of the evolution of falsification strategies in the construction of the collective narrative about the Russo-Ukrainian war in the post-truth era.</jats:p>

<jats:p>Fake news, created with different intentions and disseminated through various social networks and messaging platforms, has become a significant means of disinformation in the current landscape. In the face of certain events or controversial situations, the number of fake new items increases, a situation that can become worrying. One such event was the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic. To combat this phenomenon, various fact-checking bodies appeared with the objective of demonstrating and disseminating whether a certain piece of information was correct. At the international level, these organizations have joined together in the #CoronaVirusFacts/#DatosCoronaVirus Alliance. The organization Chequeado from Argentina has collected information coming from Latin American (Latam) countries plus Spain and Portugal in a specific database, which allows for their analysis on an independent basis. The objective of this work is to analyze and make graphically visible the thematic distribution, media typology, and digital formats of the fake news that circulated regarding the coronavirus pandemic in Ibero-America by means of the social network analysis technique (SNA) and others, using the information from the aforementioned database. Its final visualization is shown by means of interactive mapping, which can be manipulated by the user to analyze the results through the application of different integrated filtering strategies.</jats:p>

<jats:p>In recent years, the current media ecosystem has been transformed owing to the adaptation to digital media, affecting all genres and audiovisual formats. As a result, from the point of view of participation, the viewer-user has acquired an unprecedented protagonism owing to the possibility now offered by social networks. The informative genre, far from turning its back on this reality, has allied itself with it and is exploring new ways of reaching audiences, and one of the latest trends has to do with informative television channels and the use of Instagram reels. This research focuses on the case of RTVE Noticias (@rtvenoticias), with the purpose of analyzing the use and communication strategy that they make of Instagram reels on this platform, precisely because it is the feature that has achieved more popularity of late. The findings show that RTVE Noticias does not currently have a clear strategy when it comes to informing through this medium, which translates into content being reused from other media without really taking advantage of the narrative potential of the network, resulting in low interaction with followers. The main results obtained allow us to continue a rich academic debate related to the media’s use of social networks from the perspective of information and consumption, mainly among the youngest users.</jats:p>

<jats:p>To retrieve the right collection of publications in interdisciplinary research, we have developed a search strategy with four progressive steps and take the area of public affairs (PA) as a case study. A set of seed publications in PA is first identified, followed by the construction of a pool set of publications with wider coverage for refinement in the next step, which is critical and in which an expanded set of publications is established on the basis of the references and text semantic information, thus generating two respective subsets. One of these subsets is obtained on the basis of the number of references shared between each publication pair between the seed set and the pool set. To optimize the results, we construct two models, viz. a support vector machine (SVM) and a fully connected neural network (FCNN), and find that the FCNN model outperforms the SVM model. The second subset of publications are collected by selecting the publications with high topic similarity to the seed publications collected in the first step. The final step is to integrate the seed publications with the expanded publications collected in steps 1 and 3. The results show that PA research involves an extremely wide range of disciplines (n = 45), among which public administration, environmental sciences, economics, management, and health policy and services, among others, play the most significant roles.</jats:p>

<jats:p>In the last decade, journalism has progressively incorporated artificial intelligence (AI) into several processes: information analysis, content extraction, audience research, and automated copywriting, among others. ChatGPT, which has a great capacity for interacting with people through natural language and providing a response to almost any topic, focuses on content creation. This significant technological advancement rekindles the debate on whether machines will replace humans, including journalists. Focusing on the case of the Spanish press and using the framework of studying media participation in the public debate, we are interested in the press’s reaction to ChatGPT’s launch. Specifically, we asked the following questions: What were the issues that dominated the debate, and what voices were called upon to express their opinions? The stream of opinion on this issue was analyzed from a communication studies and discourse analysis perspective, starting with the identification of opinion statements expressed in articles of various journalistic genres conveyed by the press during the first 100 days since the launch of ChatGPT on November 30, 2022. We worked with 176 press articles that addressed the subject in five Spanish generalist newspapers. The results showed that the flow of opinion developed from 8 subtopics and 11 groups of voices. The prevailing opinion during this period was that ChatGPT is an extraordinary technological milestone, even if it makes mistakes that reveal the technology’s immaturity. The main shortcomings identified were the inability to distinguish between what is true and what is false, its tendency to function as a black box, and its failure to account for the sources it uses. However, owing to the business potential that it heralds, it is clear that a real war for the dominance of AI has broken out, which makes it necessary to put regulations in place to reduce the risks of malicious use.</jats:p>